- published: 23 Feb 2014
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The city of Rome originated as a village of the Latini in the 8th century BC. It was initially ruled by kings, but the Roman Republic was established in 509 BC. During the 5th century BC, Rome gained regional dominance in Latium, and eventually the entire Italian peninsula by the 3rd century BC. The population of the city at this point is estimated at about 300,000 people.
With the Punic Wars, Rome gained dominance over the Mediterranean, displacing Hellenistic Greece as the dominant regional power for the next five centuries. The Roman Empire was established under Octavian in 27 BC, after Julius Caesar's conquest of Gaul, followed by a period of civil war. The city of Rome now surpassed a population of one million, likely the first city in history to reach this size (compared to world population of about 200–300 million at the time).
At the peak of Roman imperial power in the 2nd century, the population of the city numbered some 1.6 million, a size that it never attained again until its becoming the capital of the Republic of Italy in 1946; close to three percent of the population of the empire lived within its limits. Following the Crisis of the Third Century and the transfer of the imperial capital to Constantinople in AD 330, Rome entered a period of gradual decline.
The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Rōmānum; Classical Latin: [ɪmˈpɛ.ri.ũː roːˈmaː.nũː] Ancient and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. Basileia tōn Rhōmaiōn) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. The extended city of Rome was the largest city in the world c. 100 BC – c. 400 AD, with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around 500 AD, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time). The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was now unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and the new title Augustus, effectively marking the end of the Roman Republic.
A Roman or Romans is a thing or person of or from the city of Rome
Roman or Romans may also refer to:
Ancient Rome was an Italic civilization that began on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to become one of the largest empires in the ancient world with an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population) and covering 6.5 million square kilometers (2.5 million sq mi) during its height between the first and second centuries AD.
In its approximately 12 centuries of existence, Roman civilization shifted from a monarchy to a classical republic and then to an increasingly autocratic empire. Through conquest and assimilation, it came to dominate Southern and Western Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa, and parts of Northern and Eastern Europe. Rome was preponderant throughout the Mediterranean region and was one of the most powerful entities of the ancient world. It is often grouped into classical antiquity together with ancient Greece, and their similar cultures and societies are known as the Greco-Roman world.
Rome (/ˈroʊm/ ROHM; Italian: Roma [ˈroːma], Latin: Rōma) is a city and special comune (named Roma Capitale) in Italy. Rome is the capital of Italy and of the Lazio region. With 2.9 million residents in 1,285 km2 (496.1 sq mi), it is also the country's largest and most populated comune and fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. The Metropolitan City of Rome has a population of 4.3 million residents. The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of Tiber river. The Vatican City is an independent country geographically located within the city boundaries of Rome, the only existing example of a country within a city: for this reason Rome has been often defined as capital of two states.
Rome's history spans more than two and a half thousand years. While Roman mythology dates the founding of Rome at only around 753 BC, the site has been inhabited for much longer, making it one of the oldest continuously occupied sites in Europe. The city's early population originated from a mix of Latins, Etruscans and Sabines. Eventually, the city successively became the capital of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, and is regarded as one of the birthplaces of Western civilization and by some as the first ever metropolis. It is referred to as "Roma Aeterna" (The Eternal City) and "Caput Mundi" (Capital of the World), two central notions in ancient Roman culture.
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The Roman Empire - Episode 1: The Rise of the Roman Empire (History Documentary) Two thousand years ago, one civilisation held the entire Western world in its grasp. From Northern Europe to Africa, it imposed laws, ideas and a single language. Rome was the super power and a colossal empire. Travel back in time and experience the exporting of the Roman world through the glory years of conquest to the longest period of stability the world has ever known. EPISODE 1: RISE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE Two thousand years ago, one civilisation held the entire Western world in its grasp. From Northern Europe to Africa and the Middle East. It imposed laws, ideas and a single language. Rome was the super power of the ancient world. Indeed later super powers never stopped learning the lessons of her specta...
In which John Green explores exactly when Rome went from being the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire. Here's a hint: it had something to do with Julius Caesar, but maybe less than you think. Find out how Caesar came to rule the empire, what led to him getting stabbed 23 times on the floor of the senate, and what happened in the scramble for power after his assassination. John covers Rome's transition from city-state to dominant force in the Mediterranean in less than 12 minutes. Well, Rome's expansion took hundreds of years, he just explains it in under 12 minutes. The senate, the people, Rome, the caesarian section, the Julian calendar and our old friend Pompey all make appearances, but NOT the Caesar Salad, as Julius had nothing to do with it. Crash Course World History is now availabl...
Caesar, The Colosseum, Republic, Nero, geese, plebeians, legions — everything that you once knew, but forgot, in a crash course video by Arzamas. Narrated by Brian Cox. "Ancient Rome in 20 minutes" is an English version of a Russian video by Arzamas. We also have a few other projects in English: Russian Art in the 20th Century — http://arzamas.academy/likbez/russian-art-xx/en Who are you in 1917 Russia? — http://arzamas.academy/materials/1269 Taunt Like The Bard (a Shakespeare insult generator) — http://arzamas.academy/materials/1026
Beginning in the eighth century B.C., Ancient Rome grew from a small town on central Italy’s Tiber River into an empire that at its peak encompassed most of continental Europe, Britain, much of western Asia, northern Africa and the Mediterranean islands. Among the many legacies of Roman dominance are the widespread use of the Romance languages (Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian) derived from Latin, the modern Western alphabet and calendar and the emergence of Christianity as a major world religion. After 450 years as a republic, Rome became an empire in the wake of Julius Caesar’s rise and fall in the first century B.C. The long and triumphant reign of its first emperor, Augustus, began a golden age of peace and prosperity; by contrast, the empire’s decline and fall by the ...
This video covers the mythic origins of Rome from Aeneas to the founding of Rome by Romulus in 753 BC through the seven kings to the death of Lucius Tarquinius in 509 BC. This is from the podcast series The History Of Rome by Mike Duncan. He currently does The Revolutions podcast http://www.revolutionspodcast.com/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoriaCivilis T-Shirts: https://teespring.com/stores/historiacivilis Donate: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=KTEBKRSR3N4VQ Twitter: https://twitter.com/HistoriaCivilis Music is Beethoven's Sonata 8, 'Pathetique' - II. Adagio cantabile, performed by Daniel Veesey
This video covers the the republic era from 509 - 386 BC and covers the various wars and event of that time frame. This is from the podcast series The History Of Rome by Mike Duncan. He currently does The Revolutions podcast http://www.revolutionspodcast.com/
Here is a top list of 20 history facts you probably didn't know about the ancient Roman Empire. From bloody gladiator fights at the colosseum to insane emperors drinking poison. From women sporting a unibrow to gluttony to the point of vomiting. Find out what Julius Caesar and the Senate were really up to. Subscribe For New Videos! http://goo.gl/UIzLeB Watch our "Top 5 Most Mysterious and Powerful Secret Societies" video here: https://youtu.be/0Lu4Uvc5EhA Watch our "Burning Ghost Town In Centralia, Pennsylvania" video here: https://youtu.be/6DYoXGGHLLA Watch our "Most SHOCKING Biological Weapons Ever!" video here: https://youtu.be/W0Yli9y7YAk List of top 20 craziest things the Romans did: Did you know that drinking gladiator blood could cure epilepsy? Or that unibrows are actually se...
From keeping gladiatorial bodily fluids as souvenirs to bathing in your own urine, the Romas sure knew how to have a good time! Here's 10 top notch facts about them. Click to Subscribe.. http://bit.ly/WTVC4x Check out the best of Alltime10s - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLec1lxRhYOzt2qqqnFBIpUm63wr5yhLF6 Where else to find All Time 10s... Facebook: http://ow.ly/qtTR307XVU9 Twitter: http://ow.ly/3FNMk
The Roman Empire - Episode 1: The Rise of the Roman Empire (History Documentary) Two thousand years ago, one civilisation held the entire Western world in its grasp. From Northern Europe to Africa, it imposed laws, ideas and a single language. Rome was the super power and a colossal empire. Travel back in time and experience the exporting of the Roman world through the glory years of conquest to the longest period of stability the world has ever known. EPISODE 1: RISE OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE Two thousand years ago, one civilisation held the entire Western world in its grasp. From Northern Europe to Africa and the Middle East. It imposed laws, ideas and a single language. Rome was the super power of the ancient world. Indeed later super powers never stopped learning the lessons of her specta...
In which John Green explores exactly when Rome went from being the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire. Here's a hint: it had something to do with Julius Caesar, but maybe less than you think. Find out how Caesar came to rule the empire, what led to him getting stabbed 23 times on the floor of the senate, and what happened in the scramble for power after his assassination. John covers Rome's transition from city-state to dominant force in the Mediterranean in less than 12 minutes. Well, Rome's expansion took hundreds of years, he just explains it in under 12 minutes. The senate, the people, Rome, the caesarian section, the Julian calendar and our old friend Pompey all make appearances, but NOT the Caesar Salad, as Julius had nothing to do with it. Crash Course World History is now availabl...
Caesar, The Colosseum, Republic, Nero, geese, plebeians, legions — everything that you once knew, but forgot, in a crash course video by Arzamas. Narrated by Brian Cox. "Ancient Rome in 20 minutes" is an English version of a Russian video by Arzamas. We also have a few other projects in English: Russian Art in the 20th Century — http://arzamas.academy/likbez/russian-art-xx/en Who are you in 1917 Russia? — http://arzamas.academy/materials/1269 Taunt Like The Bard (a Shakespeare insult generator) — http://arzamas.academy/materials/1026
Beginning in the eighth century B.C., Ancient Rome grew from a small town on central Italy’s Tiber River into an empire that at its peak encompassed most of continental Europe, Britain, much of western Asia, northern Africa and the Mediterranean islands. Among the many legacies of Roman dominance are the widespread use of the Romance languages (Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian) derived from Latin, the modern Western alphabet and calendar and the emergence of Christianity as a major world religion. After 450 years as a republic, Rome became an empire in the wake of Julius Caesar’s rise and fall in the first century B.C. The long and triumphant reign of its first emperor, Augustus, began a golden age of peace and prosperity; by contrast, the empire’s decline and fall by the ...
This video covers the mythic origins of Rome from Aeneas to the founding of Rome by Romulus in 753 BC through the seven kings to the death of Lucius Tarquinius in 509 BC. This is from the podcast series The History Of Rome by Mike Duncan. He currently does The Revolutions podcast http://www.revolutionspodcast.com/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoriaCivilis T-Shirts: https://teespring.com/stores/historiacivilis Donate: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=KTEBKRSR3N4VQ Twitter: https://twitter.com/HistoriaCivilis Music is Beethoven's Sonata 8, 'Pathetique' - II. Adagio cantabile, performed by Daniel Veesey
This video covers the the republic era from 509 - 386 BC and covers the various wars and event of that time frame. This is from the podcast series The History Of Rome by Mike Duncan. He currently does The Revolutions podcast http://www.revolutionspodcast.com/
Here is a top list of 20 history facts you probably didn't know about the ancient Roman Empire. From bloody gladiator fights at the colosseum to insane emperors drinking poison. From women sporting a unibrow to gluttony to the point of vomiting. Find out what Julius Caesar and the Senate were really up to. Subscribe For New Videos! http://goo.gl/UIzLeB Watch our "Top 5 Most Mysterious and Powerful Secret Societies" video here: https://youtu.be/0Lu4Uvc5EhA Watch our "Burning Ghost Town In Centralia, Pennsylvania" video here: https://youtu.be/6DYoXGGHLLA Watch our "Most SHOCKING Biological Weapons Ever!" video here: https://youtu.be/W0Yli9y7YAk List of top 20 craziest things the Romans did: Did you know that drinking gladiator blood could cure epilepsy? Or that unibrows are actually se...
From keeping gladiatorial bodily fluids as souvenirs to bathing in your own urine, the Romas sure knew how to have a good time! Here's 10 top notch facts about them. Click to Subscribe.. http://bit.ly/WTVC4x Check out the best of Alltime10s - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLec1lxRhYOzt2qqqnFBIpUm63wr5yhLF6 Where else to find All Time 10s... Facebook: http://ow.ly/qtTR307XVU9 Twitter: http://ow.ly/3FNMk
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URI Summer 2017 CLA395 Online Harris-Platzner Chapter XVIII: Roman History
URI CLA395 Summer 2016 Online Roman History overview