Bayreuth in Bavaria - Germany Travel Tips
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Bayreuth is a sizable town and located in northern
Bavaria, Germany. Its visitors can enjoy the
Hermitage Castle,
Richard
Wagner Museum and the Markgrafliches
Opera House.
According to linguists, the name Bayreuth refers back to the forest that was cut down by the
Bavarians to make room for the settlement.
Whether this is true or not is unknown. The city itself was annexed to Bavaria only in 1810 and is the capital of
Upper Franconia. Its population was made up of more Francs than Bavarians. The city's opera house is one of the last baroque opera houses in
Europe that remained untouched.
Friedrich Margrave and his wife Wilhelmina had it built starting in 1745 by the distinguished
Italian specialist, Guiseppe
Galli Bibiena. One of the neighbors of the opera house is the theater where lavish balls were held and the other is the old synagogue. The latter survived the
Second World War only because is it so tightly built together with the opera that has lots of wooden structural elements. In order to protect the opera, the Nazis spared the synagogue.
The public considers Bayreuth to be
Wagner's city. The composer had to flee because of his participation in the
1848 revolution and only returned to the
German territory at the request of
Ludwig II, an admirer of his art in
1864.
First settled down in
Munich and only moved to Bayreuth seven years later, where he lived until his death. His classical style family villa, the
Wahnfried lies on the northeast edge of the
Hofgarten and was turned into a memorial museum in the
1970s. specialists consider the most valuable part of the legacy to be the score of eight operas with their drafts, instructions for the orchestra and letters. The composer died in 1883 while on a trip to
Venice and was buried in the garden of the villa. The -- or
New Castle is also situated in the Hofgarten near Wahnfried.
Today the baroque palace houses the local history collection including of course Wagner's statue and in the other wing, the rich collection of the national gallery can be seen.
Bayreuth is located on the mine river between the
Fichtel Mountains and the Frankish Alp and was annexed to Bavaria by
Napoleon. Three special buildings of the Margrave family can be seen around the city
. In the park of the
Fantasie Castle, we can visit the artificial lake and the rock cave. In the
Eremitage Castle, we can look around in the gallery and in the dome of the
Sun Temple, the sun god drives his bronze chariot drawn by four horses. The main façade is covered with crystals and semiprecious stones. The historical old town of Bayreuth occupies only a small area besides the opera house, the theater, the parish church and the buildings of the Hofgarten, the only things we can admire are the neat streets and the mostly classicist villas. But that's okay since everyone comes here because of
Wagner anyway.
For decades,
Richard Wagner had planned to build his own theater where he could direct his own plays but the death of his patron made implementation significantly harder. In the end, the foundation stone of the Bayreuth theater was laid down on his
59th birthday. The -- house that has become the mecca of Wagner fans stands on a 380m high hill.
Gottfried Semper's original plans were simplified by
Otto Bruckwald under Wagner's watching eye. The theater opened its gates in 1876 with the
Ring of the Nibelung. But it took decades for the
Bayreuth festival organized every summer to become really popular.
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