- published: 08 Jan 2016
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In predicate logic, universal quantification formalizes the notion that something (a logical predicate) is true for everything, or every relevant thing. The resulting statement is a universally quantified statement, and we have universally quantified over the predicate. In symbolic logic, the universal quantifier (typically Failed to parse (Missing texvc executable; please see math/README to configure.): \forall , U+2200 ∀ , a turned A) is the symbol used to denote universal quantification, and is often informally read as "given any" or "for all". Universal quantification is distinct from existential quantification ("there exists"), which asserts that the property or relation holds for at least one member of the domain.
Quantification in general is covered in the article on quantification. Symbols are encoded U+2200 ∀ for all (HTML: ∀
∀
as a mathematical symbol).
Suppose it is given that
2·0 = 0 + 0, and 2·1 = 1 + 1, and 2·2 = 2 + 2, etc.
This would seem to be a logical conjunction because of the repeated use of "and." However, the "etc." cannot be interpreted as a conjunction in formal logic. Instead, the statement must be rephrased:
Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1970) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress. She made her recording debut in 1990 under the guidance of Columbia Records executive Tommy Mottola, and released her self-titled debut studio album, Mariah Carey. The album went multi-platinum and spawned four consecutive number one singles, on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. Following her marriage to Mottola in 1993, a series of hit records, including Emotions (1991), Music Box (1993) and Merry Christmas (1994), established her position as Columbia's highest-selling act. Daydream (1995), made music history when the second single, "One Sweet Day" a duet with Boyz II Men, spent a record sixteen weeks on top of the Billboard Hot 100, and remains the longest running number one song in US chart history. During the recording of the album Carey began to deviate from her pop background, and slowly traversed into R&B and Hip-hop. After her separation from Mottola, this musical change was evident with the release of Butterfly (1997).
Hatred in your eyes is beauty in mine, you'll never see
it even if I try... I'll try. Oppression and pride is
felt from you and it fits you like a glove. Made to tell
this world, who we can and cannot love. Obligated to feel
repulsed from the books that surround you, brainwashed to
push on us your false image of sin and true. Have you
ever thought about living your life completely free and
real. Only to be spat and cursed upon for the things that
you feel. Before you speak think of the harm you have
behind your words. Idiots just speak with no regard for
the people that they hurt. And we throw your hate back to