The IX Araucanía Region (Spanish: IX Región de La Araucanía) is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions and comprises two provinces: Malleco in the north and Cautín in the south.

Its capital is Temuco, other important cities include Angol and Villarrica.

Virgin forests, featuring coigüe, raulí, and tepa, as well as bay and cypress trees, criss-cross the region in all directions. The majestic araucaria, or monkey puzzle tree, also known locally as pehuén, towers above the other trees; its fruit—the piñón, a type of pine nut—is still a staple food for the indigenous Pehuenches.

A large part of this natural wealth is protected in various National Parks (Nahuelbuta, Tolhuaca. Conguillío, Villarrica, and Huerquehue), or National Reserves (Malalcahuello, Las Nalcas, and Alto Biobío).

The Araucanía is the heartland of the indigenous Mapuche people who resisted both Inca and Spanish conquest attempts. Since 1885 the territory has been part of Chile after the occupation of the Araucanía.The Spaniards shed so much blood in their attempt to conquer the Mapuche people who inhabited this area, that they were forced to establish their southern "frontier" on the banks of the Biobío River.