Top 10 Largest Cities or Towns of Canada
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1.
Toronto
2.
Montreal
3.
Vancouver
4.
Ottawa
5.
Calgary
6.
Edmonton
7.
Quebec City
8.
Winnipeg
9.
Hamilton
10.
Kitchener
Canada is a country in
North America consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the
Atlantic to the
Pacific and northward into the
Arctic Ocean. Covering 9.98 million square kilometres in total,
Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Its common border with the
United States forms the world's longest land border.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various
Aboriginal peoples.
Beginning in the late
15th century,
British and
French colonies were established on the region's
Atlantic coast. As a consequence of various conflicts, the
United Kingdom gained and lost
North American territories until left, in the late
18th century, with what mostly comprises Canada today. Pursuant to the
British North America Act, on
July 1, 1867, three colonies joined to form the autonomous federal
Dominion of Canada. This began an accretion of provinces and territories to the new self-governing
Dominion. In 1931,
Britain granted Canada near total independence with the
Statute of Westminster 1931 and full sovereignty was attained when the
Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the
British parliament.
Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy
Queen Elizabeth II being the current head of state.
The country is officially bilingual at the federal level. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries, with a population of approximately 35 million as of
2015. Its advanced economy is one of the largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources and well-developed international trade networks.
Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture.
Canada is a developed country and one of the wealthiest in the world, with the thirteenth highest per capital income globally, and the eighth highest ranking in the
Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, and education. Canada is a member of the
Commonwealth of Nations, and is furthermore part of several major international and intergovernmental institutions or groupings, including
NATO the G8, the
Group of Ten, the
G20, the
North American Free Trade Agreement and the
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.
Aboriginal peoples in present-day Canada include the
First Nations,
Inuit, and
Métis. The Métis are a mixed-blood people who originated in the mid-17th century when First Nations and
Inuit people married
European settlers. Archaeological studies and genetic analyses have indicated a human presence in the northern
Yukon region from 13,
000–
12,000 BC, and in southern
Ontario from
7500 BC. These first settlers entered Canada through Beringia by way of the
Bering land bridge. The Paleo-Indian archeological sites at
Old Crow Flats and
Bluefish Caves are two of the oldest sites of human habitation in
Canada. The characteristics of
Canadian Aboriginal societies included permanent settlements, agriculture, complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. Some of these cultures had collapsed by the time European explorers arrived in the late 15th and early
16th centuries, and have only been discovered through archeological investigations.
The aboriginal population at the time of the first European settlements is estimated to have been between
200,000 and two million, with a figure of
500,000 accepted by Canada's
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples. As a consequence of the
European colonization,
Canada's aboriginal peoples suffered from repeated outbreaks
of newly introduced infectious diseases such as influenza, measles, and smallpox (to which they had no natural immunity), resulting in a forty to eighty percent population decrease in the centuries after the European arrival.
Although not without conflict,
European Canadians' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively peaceful.
The Crown and Aboriginal peoples began interactions during the European colonialization period.
In general, the Inuit had more limited interaction with European settlers during this period. From the late 18th century, European Canadians encouraged Aboriginals to assimilate into their own culture, referred to as "
Canadian culture". These attempts reached a climax in the late 19th and early
20th centuries with forced integration and relocations.
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada