- published: 13 Dec 2012
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Ali ibn Abi Talib (/ˈɑːli, ɑːˈliː/;Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب, translit. ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib, Arabic pronunciation: [ʕaliː bɪn ʔabiː t̪ˤaːlɪb]; 13 Rajab, 21 BH – 21 Ramadan, 40 AH; 15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, ruling over the Islamic caliphate from 656 to 661.
Born to Abu Talib and Fatima bint Asad, Ali was the only person born in the sacred sanctuary of the Kaaba in Mecca, the holiest place in Islam, as many sources, especially Shia ones say. Ali was the first young male who accepted Islam. After migrating to Medina, he married Muhammad's daughter Fatimah. Ali took part in the early caravan raids from Mecca and later in almost all the battles fought by the nascent Muslim community. He was appointed caliph by Muhammad's Companions (Sahaba) in 656, after caliph Uthman ibn Affan was assassinated. Ali's reign saw civil unrest and in 661, he was attacked and assassinated by a Kharijite while praying in the Great Mosque of Kufa, dying two days later.
Hyder Ali Khan (Kannada: ಹೈದರ್ ಅಲಿ; Hindi: हैदर अली, Urdu: حيدر علی خان), Haidarālī; 1721 – 7 December 1782) was the sultan and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born Hyder Naik, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers. Rising to the post of Dalavayi (commander-in-chief) to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government. He became the de facto ruler of Mysore as Sarvadhikari (Chief Minister) by 1761. He offered strong anti-colonial resistance against the military advances of the British East India Company during the First and Second Anglo–Mysore Wars, and he was the innovator of military use of the iron-cased Mysorean rockets. His sultanate ruled from 1768-1799, including the reign of his son Tipu Sultan when the sultanate was ceased post Anglo Mysore wars.
Though illiterate, Hyder Ali earned an important place in the history of southern India for his administrative acumen and military skills. He concluded an alliance with the French against the British, and used the services of French workmen in raising his artillery and arsenal. His rule of Mysore was characterised by frequent warfare with his neighbours and rebellion within his territories. This was not unusual for the time, as much of the Indian subcontinent was then in turmoil. He was a shrewd leader, and left his eldest son Tipu Sultan an extensive kingdom bordered by the Krishna River in the north, the Eastern Ghats in the east and the Arabian Sea in the west.
Tipu Sultan ( Urdu:ٹیپو سلطان, Kannada : ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್ ) (20 November 1750 – 4 May 1799), (Sultan Fateh Ali Khan Shahab) also known as the Tiger of Mysore, and Tipu Sahib, was a ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore. He was the eldest son of Sultan Hyder Ali of Mysore. Tipu introduced a number of administrative innovations during his rule, including his coinage, a new Mauludi lunisolar calendar, and a new land revenue system which initiated the growth of Mysore silk industry. Tipu expanded the iron-cased Mysorean rockets and wrote the military manual Fathul Mujahidin, considered a pioneer in the use of rocket artillery. He deployed the rockets against advances of British forces and their allies in their 1792 and 1799 Siege of Srirangapatna.
Napoleon, the French commander-in-chief who later became emperor, sought an alliance with Tipu. In alliance with the French in their struggle with the British, and in Mysore's struggles with other surrounding powers, both Tipu and his father used their French trained army against the Marathas, Sira, and rulers of Malabar, Kodagu, Bednore, Carnatic, and Travancore. During Tipu's childhood, his father rose to take power in Mysore, and upon his father's death in 1782, Tipu succeeded to a large kingdom bordered by the Krishna River in the north, the Eastern Ghats in the east, and the Arabian Sea in the west. He won important victories against the British in the Second Anglo-Mysore War, and negotiated the 1784 Treaty of Mangalore with them after his father Hyder Ali suddenly died from cancer in December 1782 during the Second Anglo-Mysore War.
Actors: Ahmed Sharif (actor), Sohel Rana (actor), Akib Parvez (writer), Akib Parvez (director), Zahid Ul Islam (writer), Zayed Khan (actor), Mashroor Parvez (director), Yul Raian (actor), Priya Aman (actress), Masud Parvez (producer),
Genres: Action, Thriller,Actors: Yashpal Sharma (actor), Jackie Shroff (actor), Avtar Gill (actor), Vishwajeet Pradhan (actor), Akhilendra Mishra (actor), Sushant Singh (actor), Daya Shankar Pandey (actor), Ballu Saluja (editor), Sandeep Shirodkar (writer), Firoz Irani (actor), Himanshu Bhatt (director), Himanshu Bhatt (writer), Aarti Puri (actress), Tapan Bhatt (writer), Samir Aftab (actor),
Plot: Mumbai-based CEO of Channel X, Jaikishan Shroff, has instructed his staff to carry out a number of sting operations to expose elusive underworld gangster, Musaa, leading to threats against his life, as well as a failed abduction of his son, who ended up being rescued by his to-be brother-in-law, Rohan. Though Jaikishan asks for police protection for his staff, he is not made aware of this abduction and fails to ask for any protection for his family from his Police Commissioner friend, A.K. Singhal. The family goes on a vacation to an undisclosed location, and decide to suspend all communications with Channel X. It is this decision that will lead to the entire Shroff family being held by gun-toting hyper gangsters - who are determined to locate video material that may incriminate Musaa. Leaving his family behind, Jaikishan returns to Mumbai with one of the kidnappers, and will find that two of his staff have been shot dead, one employee, Hyder Ali, is missing, and the police are hand-in-glove with Musaa's men. He will also find that the reporter who was holding the video material is amongst the two that were shot dead, and the whereabouts of the video material are unknown!!
Genres: Action, Crime, Thriller,Actors: Ram Kapoor (actor), Mandira Bedi (actress), Ravi Gossain (actor), Priyanjali Lahiri (costume designer), Sunitha Ram (producer), Prahlad Kakar (producer), Shujaat Saudagar (director), Saif Azmi (editor), Shujaat Saudagar (writer), Malaika Shinoy (actress), Khalif Mitha (composer), Nitin Upadhyay (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Subbiraj (actor), Ajit Vachani (actor), Yunus Parvez (actor), Tej Sapru (actor), Arun Bakshi (actor), Kulbhushan Kharbanda (actor), Laxmikant Berde (actor), Gavin Packard (actor), Sadashiv Amrapurkar (actor), Yunus Parvez (actor), Mushtaq Khan (actor), Kiran Kumar (actor), Anant Mahadevan (actor), Anant Mahadevan (actor), Ayesha Jhulka (actress),
Plot: Bombay's Police Inspector Angre is assigned the task to investigate the theft of a Fiat car from Blue Ribbon Hotel which belonged to Ghanshyamdas Gupta. The alleged culprit is hospitalized, is claiming a memory loss, and had attempted to choke the life out of his nurse. Then a wealthy industrialist shows up stating that this young man is his son, Sikander, takes him home with him and arranges for a companion, Roopesh, to be with him all the time. Angre continues to pursue this matter but is all the more perplexed when he is notified by Inspectors K.K. Diwan and P.C. Yadav that Sikander is actually Poona-based Jony K. D'Souza, a career thief, who may have killed his wife, Janice, as well as his companion, Roopesh, and is on his way back to Bombay. Angre deduces that since Sikander got off the train at Dadar Railway Station, and is more likely to be anywhere from Bombay Central to Borivili or from Parel to Chembur. Angre will subsequently be faced with another mystery when the culprit surfaces again - this time with the identity of Aakash, the fiancé of a young woman, Meghna. While Angre is determined to find out the culprit's real identity, Meghna is certain that he is an impostor as she is sure that Aakash was killed by gangsters. The question remains: who is this culprit and what exactly is his real identity?
Genres: Action, Drama, Mystery, Thriller,Actors: Sanjay Khan (actor), Shahbaaz Khan (actor), Anant Mahadevan (actor), Mukesh Rishi (actor), Maya Alagh (actress), Deepika (actress), Bhagwan Gidwani (writer),
Genres: Drama, History,Actors: Mahesh Bhatt (writer), David Dhawan (editor), Mahesh Bhatt (writer), Arun Bakshi (actor), Anupam Kher (actor), Mahesh Bhatt (director), Mahesh Bhatt (writer), Rohini Hattangadi (actress), Suresh Chatwal (actor), Akash Khurana (actor), Alok Nath (actor), Alok Nath (actor), Nilu Phule (actor), Deepak Qazir (actor), Tarachand Barjatya (producer),
Plot: Devastated to learn that their only child, a son, has been killed by muggers in New York City, former Headmaster B.B. Pradhan and his wife, Parvati, grieve. With their son dead, there is no income coming in, so they rent out a room, in their Shivaji Park (Bombay) apartment to a budding Bollywood actress, Sujata Suman, who has been having an illicit affair with the only son (Vilas) of a politician named Gajanan Chitre. Vilas lacks the guts to tell his father that he is in love and would like to marry Sujata, and hence puts off any marriage plans. They do get intimate and as a result Sujata gets pregnant. When Pradhan finds out, he offers to take Sujata to meet Gajanan with the hope that he will permit her to become his daughter-in-law. But Gajanan not only refuses, he also threatens them, he warns them of dire consequences if Sujata does not abort the child, and moves away to another town. Pradhan refuses to let Sujata out of his house, and then begins the stalking and harassment by Gajanen's men. Pradhan goes to file a police complaint, but is told that the police cannot even touch Gajanan's men. Sujata has no choice but to continue to seek shelter with Pradhan and his wife. Sujata does not know that Pradhan and Parvati have a secret agenda of their own in keeping her within their sight.
Keywords: abortion, acid, ashes, children, election, hindu, hooligan, indian-film, loss-of-son, one-word-titleActors: Philip Ahn (actor), George Chandler (actor), Milton Parsons (actor), Dean Riesner (actor), James Seay (actor), George Sorel (actor), Sheila Ryan (actress), Benjamin Stoloff (producer), Albert Glasser (composer), Charles Reisner (director), Louis Sackin (editor), Leslie Denison (actor), Pat Flaherty (actor), Herbert Heyes (actor), Herbert Heyes (actor),
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