- published: 22 Sep 2015
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In computer graphics, a raster graphics image, or bitmap, is a dot matrix data structure representing a generally rectangular grid of pixels, or points of color, viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium. Raster images are stored in image files with varying formats (see Comparison of graphics file formats).
A bitmap corresponds bit-for-bit with an image displayed on a screen, generally in the same format used for storage in the display's video memory, or maybe as a device-independent bitmap. A bitmap is technically characterized by the width and height of the image in pixels and by the number of bits per pixel (a color depth, which determines the number of colors it can represent).
The printing and prepress industries know raster graphics as contones (from "continuous tones") and refer to vector graphics as "line work".
The word "raster" has its origins in the Latin rastrum (a rake), which is derived from radere (to scrape). It originally referred to the raster scan of cathode ray tube (CRT) video monitors, which paints the image line by line by magnetically steering a focused electron beam. By association, it came also to refer to a rectangular grid of pixels. See also rastrum, a device for drawing musical staff lines.