Frederick Varley, A Canadian Painter and Member of the Group of Seven
Frederick Varley, A
Canadian Painter and Member of the
Group of Seven
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Frederick Horsman Varley, also known as
Fred Varley (January 2, 1881 --
September 8,
1969), was a member of the
Canadian Group of Seven artists.
Varley was born in
Sheffield, England. in 1881. He studied art in
Sheffield. He attended
Académie royale des Beaux-Arts in
Antwerp, Belgium. He worked on the docks. He immigrated to
Canada in 1912 on the advice of another Sheffield native (and future Group of Seven member),
Arthur Lismer, and found work at the
Grip Ltd. design firm in
Toronto, Ontario.
Beginning in
January 1918, he served in the
First World War with
C.W. Simpson,
J.W. Beatty and
Maurice Cullen. Varley came to the attention of
Lord Beaverbrook, who arranged for him to be commissioned as an "official war artist." He accompanied
Canadian troops in the
Hundred Days offensive from
Amiens, France to
Mons, Belgium. His paintings of combat are based on his experiences at the front. Although he had been enthusiastic to travel to
France as a war artist, he became deeply disturbed by what he saw: "We'd be healthier to forget [the war], and that we never can.
We are forever tainted with its abortiveness and its cruel drama."
Varley's
Some Day the
People Will
Return, shown at the
Burlington House in
London and at the Canadian
War Memorials Exhibition, is a large canvas depicting a war-ravaged cemetery, suggestive that even the dead cannot escape the destruction
Frederick Varley's
Painting For What? portrays a cart filled with bodies collected from the battlefield. It starkly portrays the horror of war and questions its purpose. In a letter dating from mid-May
1919 to his wife,
Maud, this eminent
Canadian artist summed up his feelings about the war. "I'm mighty thankful
I've left France -
I never want to see it again. This last trip over has put the tin hat on it. To see the land half cultivated & people coming back to where their homes were is too much for my make up. You'll never know dear anything of what it means. I'm going to paint a picture of it, but heavens, it can't say a thousandth part of a story. We'd be healthier to forget, & that we never can. We are forever tainted with its abortiveness & its cruel drama - and for the life of me I don't know how that can help progression. It is foul and smelly - and heartbreaking.
Sometimes I could weep my eyes out when I get despondent... To be normal, to be as those silly cows & sheep that do naught but graze & die, well, it's forgetfulness."
In
Markham, Ontario, the
Varley Art Gallery is named after him, as is
Fred Varley Drive, a two-lane residential street in
Unionville. Varley lived nearby at the Salem-Eckhardt
House.