- published: 30 Oct 2015
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The toothbrush is an oral hygiene instrument used to clean the teeth and gums that consists of a head of tightly clustered bristles mounted on a handle, which facilitates the cleansing of hard-to-reach areas of the mouth. Toothpaste, which often contains fluoride, is commonly used in conjunction with a toothbrush to increase the effectiveness of toothbrushing. Toothbrushes are available with different bristle textures, sizes and forms. Most dentists recommend using a toothbrush labelled "soft", since hard bristled toothbrushes can damage tooth enamel and irritate the gums. Toothbrushes have usually been made from synthetic fibers since they were developed, although animal bristles are still sometimes used.[citation needed]
A variety of oral hygiene measures have been used since before recorded history. This has been verified by various excavations done all over the world, in which chew sticks, tree twigs, bird feathers, animal bones and porcupine quills were recovered.
The earliest description of a toothbrush was made in a Chinese historical work, dated to approximately 1600 BC. It described a chewing stick, consisting of a twig and a frayed end. Various forms of toothbrush have been used. Indian medicine (Ayurveda) used the twigs of the neem or banyan tree to make toothbrushes and other oral-hygiene-related products for millennia. The end of a neem twig is chewed until it is soft and splayed, and it is then used to brush the teeth. In the Muslim world, the usage of miswak—a type of chewing stick consisting of the roots or twigs of the Arak tree (Salvadora persica), which have antiseptic properties—is common practice and dates to pre-Islamic times.. Muhammad popularized the use of miswak and some erroneously believe it's his invention. Rubbing baking soda or chalk against the teeth has also been common practice in history.
Joseph Adam "Joe" Jonas (born August 15, 1989) is an American pop singer, musician, actor, and dancer. He is a member of the Jonas Brothers, a pop-rock band made up of him and his two brothers, Nick and Kevin. He starred as Joseph Lucas on the Disney Channel original series Jonas, and released his debut solo studio album, Fastlife in October 2011.
Joseph Adam Jonas was born in Casa Grande, Arizona. His mother, Denise (née Miller), is a former sign language teacher and singer, and his father, Paul Kevin Jonas, Sr., is a songwriter, musician and former ordained minister at an Assemblies of God church. Joe is of Italian (from a great-grandfather), German, Irish, English, Cherokee, and French-Canadian descent.
On August 17, 2007, Jonas, along with his brothers, guest starred in an episode of Hannah Montana. The episode debuted alongside the television film High School Musical 2 and a sneak peek of the new Disney Channel show Phineas and Ferb. The episode broke basic cable records with a record 10.7 million viewers, and became basic cable's most watched series telecast ever.
Actors: Ted Lange (actor), Ted Lange (producer), John Kearns Jr. (producer), Kristen DeLuca (actress), Greg Brown (actor), Aaron Zachary Philips (actor), Jonathan Mariande (producer), Lauren Tewes (actress), H. Charles Riedl (producer), Ed Ackerman (actor), Miles Elliot (actor), Brian Patrick Farrell (actor), Desiree Cooper (actress), Desiree Cooper (actress), Harry S. Murphy (actor),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Leslie Phillips (actor), Les Dennis (actor), Dom Joly (actor), Yasmin Rais (miscellaneous crew), Tom Basden (actor), Tom Basden (actor), Daniel Teper (composer), Masashi Fujimoto (actor), Natalie Cassidy (actress), Natalie Cassidy (actress), Haruka Kuroda (actress), Susy Kane (actress), Susy Kane (actress), Susy Kane (actress), Colin Hoult (actor),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Leslie Phillips (actor), Les Dennis (actor), Dom Joly (actor), Yasmin Rais (miscellaneous crew), Tom Basden (actor), Tom Basden (actor), Daniel Teper (composer), Masashi Fujimoto (actor), Natalie Cassidy (actress), Natalie Cassidy (actress), Haruka Kuroda (actress), Susy Kane (actress), Susy Kane (actress), Susy Kane (actress), Colin Hoult (actor),
Genres: Comedy,