- published: 07 Sep 2012
- views: 2879158
In the social sciences, the word "clique" is used to describe a group of 2 to 12 (averaging 5 or 6) “persons who interact with each other more regularly and intensely than others in the same setting.” Cliques are distinguished from "crowds" in that their members interact with one another (e.g., hang out together, go shopping, play basketball). Crowds, on the other hand, are defined reputationally. Although the word 'clique' or 'cliquey' is often used in day-to-day conversation to describe relational aggression or snarky, gossipy behavior of groups of socially dominant teenage girls ('queen bees') this is not scientifically accurate. Interacting with cliques is part of normative social development regardless of gender, ethnicity, or “popularity.” Although cliques are most commonly studied during adolescence and middle childhood, they exist in all age groups.
Kanye Omari West ( /ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977) is an American musician, film director and fashion designer. West first rose to fame as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records, where he eventually achieved recognition for his work on Jay-Z's album The Blueprint, as well as hit singles for musical artists including Alicia Keys, Ludacris, and Janet Jackson. His style of production originally used pitched-up vocal samples from soul songs incorporated with his own drums and instruments. However, subsequent productions saw him broadening his musical palette and expressing influences encompassing '70s R&B, baroque pop, trip hop, arena rock, folk, alternative, electronica, synthpop, and classical music.
West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004, his second album Late Registration in 2005, his third album Graduation in 2007, his fourth album 808s & Heartbreak in 2008, and his fifth album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy in 2010. West released a collaborative album, Watch the Throne with Jay-Z in 2011, which is the duo's first collaborative album. His five solo albums, all of which have gone platinum, have received numerous awards and critical acclaim. As of 2012, West has won a total of eighteen Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all-time. All albums have been very commercially successful, with My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy becoming his fourth consecutive No. 1 album in the U.S. upon release. West has had 5 songs exceed 3 million in digital sales as of July 2011, with "Gold Digger" selling 3,086,000, "Stronger" selling 4,402,000, "Heartless" selling 3,742,000, "E.T." selling over 4,000,000 and "Love Lockdown" selling over 3,000,000 placing him third in overall digital sales of the past decade. He has sold over 30 million digital songs in the United States making him one of the best-selling digital artists of all-time.
Shawn Corey Carter (born December 4, 1969), better known by his stage name Jay-Z, is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, entrepreneur, and occasional actor. He is one of the most financially successful hip hop artists and entrepreneurs in America, having a net worth of over $450 million as of 2011.He has sold approximately 50 million albums worldwide, while receiving fourteen Grammy Awards for his musical work, and numerous additional nominations. He is consistently ranked as one of the greatest rappers of all-time. He was ranked #1 by MTV in their list of The Greatest MCs of All-Time in 2006. Two of his albums, Reasonable Doubt (1996) and The Blueprint (2001) are considered landmarks in the genre with both of them being ranked in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time. Blender included the former on their 500 CDs You Must Own Before You Die.
Jay-Z co-owns the 40/40 Club, is part-owner of the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and is also the creator of the line Rocawear. He is the former CEO of Def Jam Recordings, one of the three founders of Roc-A-Fella Records, and the founder of Roc Nation. As an artist, he holds the record for most number one albums by a solo artist on the Billboard 200 with eleven. Jay-Z also has had four number ones on the Billboard Hot 100, one as lead artist.
Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,Actors: Dirk Heinrichs (producer), Dirk Heinrichs (actor), Philipp Serba (editor), Tobias Nied (actor), Christopher Domansky (actor), Thomas Katzmann (actor), Ramazan Bulut (actor), Christoph Knobloch (actor), Marcel Marquardt (actor), Moritz Rodchinka (actor), Thomas Albrecht (actor), Andreas Woest (actor), Anna Hoffmann (actress), Birgit Marquardt (actress), Monique Marquardt (actress),
Plot: "Schau Nicht Weg" (Don't Look Away) directed by Rolany Leyer, is a part the project "Sprache Gegen Gewalt" (Speak Against Violence) from actor Dirk Heinrichs who pays public addresses and schools and universities to explain the problems of violence for example at schools. Generally, the short movie is about civil courage. In an innovative and extraordinary way of illustration it shows how violence emerges and how it is possible to react against it.
Genres: Short,