B (named bee /ˈbiː/[1]) is the second letter in the
ISO basic Latin alphabet. It is used to represent a variety of bilabial sounds (depending on language), but most commonly a voiced bilabial stop.In
English, most other languages that use the
Latin alphabet, and the
International Phonetic Alphabet, 'b' denotes the voiced bilabial plosive /b/, as in 'bib'. In English it is sometimes silent; most instances are derived from old monosyllablic words with the 'b' final and immediately preceded by an 'm', such as 'lamb'
and 'bomb'; a few are examples of etymological spelling to make the word more like its
Latin original, such as 'debt' or 'doubt'.
In
Estonian,
Icelandic, and
Chinese pinyin, 'b' does not denote a voiced consonant; instead, it represents a voiceless /p/ that contrasts with either a geminated /p:/ (in Estonian) or an aspirated /pʰ/ (in Chinese,
Danish and Icelandic), represented by 'p'. In
Fijian 'b' represents a prenasalized /mb/, whereas in
Zulu and Xhosa it represents an implosive /ɓ/, in contrast to the digraph 'bh' which represents /b/.
Finnish only uses 'b' in loanwords.
'B' is also a musical note. Its value varies depending on the region; a 'b' in
Anglophone countries represents a note that is a semitone higher than the B note in
Northern Continental Europe. (
Anglophone B is represented in
Northern Europe with 'H'.) Archaic forms of 'b', the b quadratum (square b, ♮) and b rotundum (round b, ♭) remain in use for musical notation as the symbols for natural and flat, respectively.
In
Contracted (grade 2)
English braille, 'b' stands for "but" when in isolation.
- published: 29 Jun 2015
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