- published: 11 Sep 2012
- views: 3614
Brownfield sites are abandoned or underused industrial and commercial facilities available for re-use. Expansion or redevelopment of such a facility may be complicated by real or perceived environmental contaminations. Cf. Waste (law).
In the United States urban planning jargon, a brownfield site (or simply a brownfield) is land previously used for industrial purposes or certain commercial uses. The land may be contaminated by low concentrations of hazardous waste or pollution, and has the potential to be reused once it is cleaned up. Land that is more severely contaminated and has high concentrations of hazardous waste or pollution, such as a Superfund site, does not fall under the brownfield classification. Mothballed brownfields are properties that the owners are not willing to transfer or put to productive reuse.
In the United Kingdom and Australia, the term applies more generally to previously used land or to sections of industrial or commercial facilities that are to be upgraded.
The term brownfields first came into use on June 28, 1992, at a U.S. congressional field hearing hosted by the Northeast Midwest Congressional Coalition. Also in 1992, the first detailed policy analysis of the issue was convened by the Cuyahoga County Planning Commission. The United States Environmental Protection Agency selected Cuyahoga County as its first brownfield pilot project in September 1993.
David William Donald Cameron (pronunciation: /ˈkæmərən/; born 9 October 1966) is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service and Leader of the Conservative Party. He represents Witney as its Member of Parliament (MP).
Cameron studied Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE) at Oxford, gaining a first class honours degree. He then joined the Conservative Research Department and became Special Adviser to Norman Lamont, and then to Michael Howard. He was Director of Corporate Affairs at Carlton Communications for seven years.
He was defeated in his first candidacy for Parliament at Stafford in 1997, but was elected in 2001 as the Member of Parliament for the Oxfordshire constituency of Witney. He was promoted to the Opposition front bench two years later, and rose rapidly to become head of policy co-ordination during the 2005 general election campaign. With a public image of a youthful, moderate candidate who would appeal to young voters, he won the Conservative leadership election in 2005.
What is a Brownfield? Redevelopment of Industrial Properties
Regeneration of Brownfield Land Using Sustainable Technologies ROBUST
Clean-Up Brownfield Land in Delaware, OH
Brownfield Site Re-Development
Nevada Brownfields: Land recycling, shared success
BROWNFIELD OR GREENBELT LAND - Dale Farm
Transforming a brownfield site
Greenfield vs Brownfield Sites
The Conservative Party manifesto and brownfield site development
Urban Land Institute, Via Verde Bronx NYC OUTDOOR-FITNESS Equipment
Brownfield remediation
Brownfield Site Development - School of MACE
What is a Brownfield? Redeveloping Industrial Lands ESPANOL
EPA grant money for brownfield site assessments