- published: 14 Mar 2013
- views: 61214
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C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with C4 and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction:
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
- published: 27 Dec 2015
- views: 70
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugarcane leaves are more efficient in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. They showed that 4 carbon beta carboxylic acid is formed due to carboxylation. Based on this idea Hatch & Slack worked out an alternate pathway of carbon fixation in sugarcane & it is called as Hatch & Slack cycle or Beta Carboxylation pathway or C4 Cycle or Dicarboxylic acid pathway.It is found in many tropical grasses. Example: Maize, Sorghum, a few dicots - Tribulus, Amaranthus, Euphorbia.The primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is phosphoenol pyruvic acid. It accepts CO2& forms oxalo acetic acid – a first stable product. OAAOxalo Acetic Acid is 4C and dicarboxylase. This reaction is catalysed by PEP carboxylase. This is called Beta Carboxylation. This takes place in mesophyll cells.Oxalo Acetic Acid OAA is reduced to malic acid. The elections necessary for this reduction is supplied by NADP4. The enzyme malic dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction.The carboxylation of PEP & reduction of OAA takes place within the mesophyll cells. Malic acid synthesized within mesophyll cells moves into bundle sheath cells through plasmodesmata.Within the bundle sheath cell malic acid is oxidativelydecarboxylated into pyruvic acid. The enzyme malic enzyme catalyses this decarboxylation. CO2 released in this reaction is accepted by RUBP. CO2 is fixed in C3 cycle. The electrons released in oxidative decarboxylation of malic acid are accepted by NADP+ which is reduced to NADPH.Pyruvic acid synthesized in bundle sheath cell moves into mesophyll cell. In mesophyll cell pyruvic acid is phosphorylated to regenerate PEP. The enzyme pyruvic di kinase catalyses the reaction. Two molecules of ATP are utilized in this reaction. C4 is not a substitute but additional CO2 fixation beneficial for plants. C4 plants are more efficient in carbon fixation than C3 plants because: 1 C4 plants show kranz anatomy is special anatomical features, compartmentation of cell enzymes and metabolites etc
7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for
K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use.
For more information:
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Contact: 040-64501777 / 65864777
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- published: 29 Jul 2014
- views: 17356
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7ynX_F-SwNY
- published: 05 Feb 2010
- views: 235472
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well.
Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dftba.com/product/1av/CrashCourse-Biology-The-Complete-Series-DVD-Set
Like CrashCourse on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse
Follow CrashCourse on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse
This video uses sounds from Freesound.org, a list of which can be found, along with the CITATIONS for this episode, in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-29ai
Table of Contents:
1) Water 1:16
2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32
3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43
4) Chloroplasts 1:57
5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42
a. Photosystem II 3:33
b. Cytochrome Complex 5:54
c. ATP Synthase 6:16
d. Photosystem I 7:06
6) Dark Reactions/Light-Independent 7:55
a. Phase 1 - Carbon Fixation 8:50
b. Phase 2 - Reduction 11:31
c. Phase 3 - Regeneration 12:02
tags: photosynthesis, biology, science, crashcourse, plants, light, calvin cycle, respiration, water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, xylem, time lapse, stomata, chlorophyll, photon, plastid, chloroplast, oxygen, thylakoid, grana, lumen, stroma, chemistry, fusion, photoexcitation, photosystem II, electron transport chain, protein, cytochrome complex, carbon fixation, rubisco, phosphoglycolate, reduction, regeneration, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, G3P, glucose, cellulose, starch, life Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse
- published: 19 Mar 2012
- views: 2178057
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cathy-symington
A hearty bowl of cereal gives you the energy to start your day, but how exactly did that energy make its way into your bowl? It all begins with photosynthesis, the process that converts the air we breathe into energizing glucose. Cathy Symington details the highly efficient second phase of photosynthesis -- called the Calvin cycle -- which converts carbon dioxide into sugar with some clever mix-and-match math.
Lesson by Cathy Symington, animation by Flaming Medusa Studios Inc.
- published: 01 Apr 2014
- views: 287147
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=slm6D2VEXYs
- published: 02 Feb 2010
- views: 653550
C3 carbon fixation is a metabolic pathway for carbon fixation in photosynthesis. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP, a 5-carbon sugar) into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction:
This reaction occurs in all plants as the first step of the Calvin-Benson cycle. In C4 plants, carbon dioxide is drawn out of malate and into this reaction rather than directly from the air.
Plants that survive solely on C3 fixation (C3 plants) tend to thrive in areas where sunlight intensity is moderate, temperatures are moderate, carbon dioxide concentrations are around 200 ppm or higher, and ground water is plentiful. The C3 plants, originating during Mesozoic and Paleozoic eras, predate the C4 plants and still represent approximately 95% of Earth's plant biomass. C3 plants lose 97% of the water taken up through their roots to transpiration. Examples include rice and barley.
C3 plants cannot grow in hot areas because RuBisCO incorporates more oxygen into RuBP as temperatures increase. This leads to photorespiration, which leads to a net loss of carbon and nitrogen from the plant and can, therefore, limit growth. In dry areas, C3 plants shut their stomata to reduce water loss, but this stops CO2 from entering the leaves and, therefore, reduces the concentration of CO2 in the leaves. This lowers the CO2:O2 ratio and, therefore, also increases photorespiration. C4 and CAM plants have adaptations that allow them to survive in hot and dry areas, and they can, therefore, outcompete C3 plants.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C3_carbon_fixation
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
In biology, carbon fixation is the reduction of inorganic carbon (carbon dioxide) to organic compounds by living organisms. The most prominent example is photosynthesis. Organisms that grow by fixing carbon are called autotrophs—plants for example. Heterotrophs, like animals, are organisms that grow using the carbon fixed by autotrophs. Fixed carbon, reduced carbon, and organic carbon all mean organic compounds.
Photosynthesis uses energy from sunlight to drive an autotrophic carbon fixation pathway.
Oxygenic photosynthesis is used by the chief primary producers—plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. They contain the pigment chlorophyll, and use the Calvin cycle to fix carbon autotrophically.
Somewhere between 3.5 and 2.3 billion years ago, cyanobacteria evolved oxygenic photosynthesis. The process works like this:
The essential innovation is the first step, the dissociation of water into electrons, protons, and free oxygen. This allows the use of water, one of the most abundant substances on Earth, as an electron donor—as a source of reducing power. The release of free oxygen is a side-effect of enormous consequence. The first step uses the energy of sunlight to oxidize water to O2, and, ultimately, to produce ATP
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fixation
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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4:19C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
C3 C4 CAM PhotosynethesisC3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis -
2:09C3 carbon fixation
C3 carbon fixationC3 carbon fixation
C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with C4 and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction: This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video -
9:44Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle -
11:28Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM
Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM -
3:16THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugarcane leaves are more efficient in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. They showed that 4 carbon beta carboxylic acid is formed due to carboxylation. Based on this idea Hatch & Slack worked out an alternate pathway of carbon fixation in sugarcane & it is called as Hatch & Slack cycle or Beta Carboxylation pathway or C4 Cycle or Dicarboxylic acid pathway.It is found in many tropical grasses. Example: Maize, Sorghum, a few dicots - Tribulus, Amaranthus, Euphorbia.The primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is phosphoenol pyruvic acid. It accepts CO2& forms oxalo acetic acid – a first stable product. OAAOxalo Acetic Acid is 4C and dicarboxylase. This reaction is catalysed by PEP carboxylase. This is called Beta Carboxylation. This takes place in mesophyll cells.Oxalo Acetic Acid OAA is reduced to malic acid. The elections necessary for this reduction is supplied by NADP4. The enzyme malic dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction.The carboxylation of PEP & reduction of OAA takes place within the mesophyll cells. Malic acid synthesized within mesophyll cells moves into bundle sheath cells through plasmodesmata.Within the bundle sheath cell malic acid is oxidativelydecarboxylated into pyruvic acid. The enzyme malic enzyme catalyses this decarboxylation. CO2 released in this reaction is accepted by RUBP. CO2 is fixed in C3 cycle. The electrons released in oxidative decarboxylation of malic acid are accepted by NADP+ which is reduced to NADPH.Pyruvic acid synthesized in bundle sheath cell moves into mesophyll cell. In mesophyll cell pyruvic acid is phosphorylated to regenerate PEP. The enzyme pyruvic di kinase catalyses the reaction. Two molecules of ATP are utilized in this reaction. C4 is not a substitute but additional CO2 fixation beneficial for plants. C4 plants are more efficient in carbon fixation than C3 plants because: 1 C4 plants show kranz anatomy is special anatomical features, compartmentation of cell enzymes and metabolites etc 7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use. For more information: http://www.7active.in Contact: 040-64501777 / 65864777 9700061777 -
16:58C-4 Photosynthesis
C-4 PhotosynthesisC-4 Photosynthesis
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7ynX_F-SwNY -
13:15Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well. Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dftba.com/product/1av/CrashCourse-Biology-The-Complete-Series-DVD-Set Like CrashCourse on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Follow CrashCourse on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse This video uses sounds from Freesound.org, a list of which can be found, along with the CITATIONS for this episode, in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-29ai Table of Contents: 1) Water 1:16 2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32 3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43 4) Chloroplasts 1:57 5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42 a. Photosystem II 3:33 b. Cytochrome Complex 5:54 c. ATP Synthase 6:16 d. Photosystem I 7:06 6) Dark Reactions/Light-Independent 7:55 a. Phase 1 - Carbon Fixation 8:50 b. Phase 2 - Reduction 11:31 c. Phase 3 - Regeneration 12:02 tags: photosynthesis, biology, science, crashcourse, plants, light, calvin cycle, respiration, water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, xylem, time lapse, stomata, chlorophyll, photon, plastid, chloroplast, oxygen, thylakoid, grana, lumen, stroma, chemistry, fusion, photoexcitation, photosystem II, electron transport chain, protein, cytochrome complex, carbon fixation, rubisco, phosphoglycolate, reduction, regeneration, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, G3P, glucose, cellulose, starch, life Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse -
5:38Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy SymingtonNature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cathy-symington A hearty bowl of cereal gives you the energy to start your day, but how exactly did that energy make its way into your bowl? It all begins with photosynthesis, the process that converts the air we breathe into energizing glucose. Cathy Symington details the highly efficient second phase of photosynthesis -- called the Calvin cycle -- which converts carbon dioxide into sugar with some clever mix-and-match math. Lesson by Cathy Symington, animation by Flaming Medusa Studios Inc. -
4:08c3 vs c4
c3 vs c4c3 vs c4
-
13:28Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis: Calvin CyclePhotosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=slm6D2VEXYs
- Air
- C3 carbon fixation
- C4 carbon fixation
- Calvin-Benson cycle
- CAM photosynthesis
- Carbon dioxide
- Carbon fixation
- Ground water
- Isotopic signature
- Malate
- Mesozoic
- Metabolic pathway
- Paleozoic
- Parts per million
- Photorespiration
- Photosynthesis
- Plant
- PubMed Identifier
- RuBisCO
- RuBP
- Stomata
- Sunlight
- Temperature
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C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis -
C3 carbon fixation
C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with C4 and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction: This video is targeted to blind users. Attribution: Article text available under CC-BY-SA Creative Commons image source in video -
-
-
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugarcane leaves are more efficient in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. They showed that 4 carbon beta carboxylic acid is formed due to carboxylation. Based on this idea Hatch & Slack worked out an alternate pathway of carbon fixation in sugarcane & it is called as Hatch & Slack cycle or Beta Carboxylation pathway or C4 Cycle or Dicarboxylic acid pathway.It is found in many tropical grasses. Example: Maize, Sorghum, a few dicots - Tribulus, Amaranthus, Euphorbia.The primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is phosphoenol pyruvic acid. It accepts CO2& forms oxalo acetic acid – a first stable product. OAAOxalo Acetic Acid is 4C and dicarboxylase. This reaction is catalysed by PEP carboxylase. This is called Be... -
C-4 Photosynthesis
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7ynX_F-SwNY -
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well. Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dftba.com/product/1av/CrashCourse-Biology-The-Complete-Series-DVD-Set Like CrashCourse on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse Follow CrashCourse on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse This video uses sounds from Freesound.org, a list of which can be found, along with the CITATIONS for this episode, in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-29ai Table of Contents: 1) Water 1:16 2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32 3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43 4) Chloroplasts 1:57 5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42 a. Photosystem II 3:33 b. Cytochrome... -
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cathy-symington A hearty bowl of cereal gives you the energy to start your day, but how exactly did that energy make its way into your bowl? It all begins with photosynthesis, the process that converts the air we breathe into energizing glucose. Cathy Symington details the highly efficient second phase of photosynthesis -- called the Calvin cycle -- which converts carbon dioxide into sugar with some clever mix-and-match math. Lesson by Cathy Symington, animation by Flaming Medusa Studios Inc. -
c3 vs c4
-
Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=slm6D2VEXYs
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:19
- Updated: 14 Mar 2013
- views: 61214
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
wn.com/C3 C4 Cam Photosynethesis
C3 carbon fixation
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:09
- Updated: 27 Dec 2015
- views: 70
C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with C4 and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and rib...
C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with C4 and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction:
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
wn.com/C3 Carbon Fixation
C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, along with C4 and CAM. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate into 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction:
This video is targeted to blind users.
Attribution:
Article text available under CC-BY-SA
Creative Commons image source in video
- published: 27 Dec 2015
- views: 70
Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:44
- Updated: 13 Jan 2012
- views: 142084
Details on the Calvin Cycle
Details on the Calvin Cycle
wn.com/Photosynthesis Part 4 The Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:28
- Updated: 13 Jan 2012
- views: 191490
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Updated: 29 Jul 2014
- views: 17356
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugarcane leaves are more efficient in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. T...
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugarcane leaves are more efficient in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. They showed that 4 carbon beta carboxylic acid is formed due to carboxylation. Based on this idea Hatch & Slack worked out an alternate pathway of carbon fixation in sugarcane & it is called as Hatch & Slack cycle or Beta Carboxylation pathway or C4 Cycle or Dicarboxylic acid pathway.It is found in many tropical grasses. Example: Maize, Sorghum, a few dicots - Tribulus, Amaranthus, Euphorbia.The primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is phosphoenol pyruvic acid. It accepts CO2& forms oxalo acetic acid – a first stable product. OAAOxalo Acetic Acid is 4C and dicarboxylase. This reaction is catalysed by PEP carboxylase. This is called Beta Carboxylation. This takes place in mesophyll cells.Oxalo Acetic Acid OAA is reduced to malic acid. The elections necessary for this reduction is supplied by NADP4. The enzyme malic dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction.The carboxylation of PEP & reduction of OAA takes place within the mesophyll cells. Malic acid synthesized within mesophyll cells moves into bundle sheath cells through plasmodesmata.Within the bundle sheath cell malic acid is oxidativelydecarboxylated into pyruvic acid. The enzyme malic enzyme catalyses this decarboxylation. CO2 released in this reaction is accepted by RUBP. CO2 is fixed in C3 cycle. The electrons released in oxidative decarboxylation of malic acid are accepted by NADP+ which is reduced to NADPH.Pyruvic acid synthesized in bundle sheath cell moves into mesophyll cell. In mesophyll cell pyruvic acid is phosphorylated to regenerate PEP. The enzyme pyruvic di kinase catalyses the reaction. Two molecules of ATP are utilized in this reaction. C4 is not a substitute but additional CO2 fixation beneficial for plants. C4 plants are more efficient in carbon fixation than C3 plants because: 1 C4 plants show kranz anatomy is special anatomical features, compartmentation of cell enzymes and metabolites etc
7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for
K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use.
For more information:
http://www.7active.in
Contact: 040-64501777 / 65864777
9700061777
wn.com/The C4 Pathway Part 01
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugarcane leaves are more efficient in absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere. They showed that 4 carbon beta carboxylic acid is formed due to carboxylation. Based on this idea Hatch & Slack worked out an alternate pathway of carbon fixation in sugarcane & it is called as Hatch & Slack cycle or Beta Carboxylation pathway or C4 Cycle or Dicarboxylic acid pathway.It is found in many tropical grasses. Example: Maize, Sorghum, a few dicots - Tribulus, Amaranthus, Euphorbia.The primary acceptor of CO2 in C4 plants is phosphoenol pyruvic acid. It accepts CO2& forms oxalo acetic acid – a first stable product. OAAOxalo Acetic Acid is 4C and dicarboxylase. This reaction is catalysed by PEP carboxylase. This is called Beta Carboxylation. This takes place in mesophyll cells.Oxalo Acetic Acid OAA is reduced to malic acid. The elections necessary for this reduction is supplied by NADP4. The enzyme malic dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction.The carboxylation of PEP & reduction of OAA takes place within the mesophyll cells. Malic acid synthesized within mesophyll cells moves into bundle sheath cells through plasmodesmata.Within the bundle sheath cell malic acid is oxidativelydecarboxylated into pyruvic acid. The enzyme malic enzyme catalyses this decarboxylation. CO2 released in this reaction is accepted by RUBP. CO2 is fixed in C3 cycle. The electrons released in oxidative decarboxylation of malic acid are accepted by NADP+ which is reduced to NADPH.Pyruvic acid synthesized in bundle sheath cell moves into mesophyll cell. In mesophyll cell pyruvic acid is phosphorylated to regenerate PEP. The enzyme pyruvic di kinase catalyses the reaction. Two molecules of ATP are utilized in this reaction. C4 is not a substitute but additional CO2 fixation beneficial for plants. C4 plants are more efficient in carbon fixation than C3 plants because: 1 C4 plants show kranz anatomy is special anatomical features, compartmentation of cell enzymes and metabolites etc
7 Active Technology Solutions Pvt.Ltd. is an educational 3D digital content provider for
K-12. We also customize the content as per your requirement for companies platform providers colleges etc . 7 Active driving force "The Joy of Happy Learning" -- is what makes difference from other digital content providers. We consider Student needs, Lecturer needs and College needs in designing the 3D & 2D Animated Video Lectures. We are carrying a huge 3D Digital Library ready to use.
For more information:
http://www.7active.in
Contact: 040-64501777 / 65864777
9700061777
- published: 29 Jul 2014
- views: 17356
C-4 Photosynthesis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:58
- Updated: 05 Feb 2010
- views: 235472
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7ynX_F-SwNY
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7ynX_F-SwNY
wn.com/C 4 Photosynthesis
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=7ynX_F-SwNY
- published: 05 Feb 2010
- views: 235472
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:15
- Updated: 19 Mar 2012
- views: 2178057
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products w...
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well.
Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dftba.com/product/1av/CrashCourse-Biology-The-Complete-Series-DVD-Set
Like CrashCourse on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse
Follow CrashCourse on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse
This video uses sounds from Freesound.org, a list of which can be found, along with the CITATIONS for this episode, in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-29ai
Table of Contents:
1) Water 1:16
2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32
3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43
4) Chloroplasts 1:57
5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42
a. Photosystem II 3:33
b. Cytochrome Complex 5:54
c. ATP Synthase 6:16
d. Photosystem I 7:06
6) Dark Reactions/Light-Independent 7:55
a. Phase 1 - Carbon Fixation 8:50
b. Phase 2 - Reduction 11:31
c. Phase 3 - Regeneration 12:02
tags: photosynthesis, biology, science, crashcourse, plants, light, calvin cycle, respiration, water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, xylem, time lapse, stomata, chlorophyll, photon, plastid, chloroplast, oxygen, thylakoid, grana, lumen, stroma, chemistry, fusion, photoexcitation, photosystem II, electron transport chain, protein, cytochrome complex, carbon fixation, rubisco, phosphoglycolate, reduction, regeneration, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, G3P, glucose, cellulose, starch, life Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse
wn.com/Photosynthesis Crash Course Biology 8
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on sunlight, carbon dioxide and water, and also create some by products we're pretty fond of as well.
Crash Course Biology is now available on DVD! http://dftba.com/product/1av/CrashCourse-Biology-The-Complete-Series-DVD-Set
Like CrashCourse on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/YouTubeCrashCourse
Follow CrashCourse on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/TheCrashCourse
This video uses sounds from Freesound.org, a list of which can be found, along with the CITATIONS for this episode, in the Google document here: http://dft.ba/-29ai
Table of Contents:
1) Water 1:16
2) Carbon Dioxide 1:32
3) Sunlight/Photons 1:43
4) Chloroplasts 1:57
5) Light Reaction/Light-Dependent 2:42
a. Photosystem II 3:33
b. Cytochrome Complex 5:54
c. ATP Synthase 6:16
d. Photosystem I 7:06
6) Dark Reactions/Light-Independent 7:55
a. Phase 1 - Carbon Fixation 8:50
b. Phase 2 - Reduction 11:31
c. Phase 3 - Regeneration 12:02
tags: photosynthesis, biology, science, crashcourse, plants, light, calvin cycle, respiration, water, carbon dioxide, sunlight, xylem, time lapse, stomata, chlorophyll, photon, plastid, chloroplast, oxygen, thylakoid, grana, lumen, stroma, chemistry, fusion, photoexcitation, photosystem II, electron transport chain, protein, cytochrome complex, carbon fixation, rubisco, phosphoglycolate, reduction, regeneration, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, G3P, glucose, cellulose, starch, life Support CrashCourse on Subbable: http://subbable.com/crashcourse
- published: 19 Mar 2012
- views: 2178057
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:38
- Updated: 01 Apr 2014
- views: 287147
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cathy-symington
A hearty bowl of cereal gives you the energy to start yo...
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cathy-symington
A hearty bowl of cereal gives you the energy to start your day, but how exactly did that energy make its way into your bowl? It all begins with photosynthesis, the process that converts the air we breathe into energizing glucose. Cathy Symington details the highly efficient second phase of photosynthesis -- called the Calvin cycle -- which converts carbon dioxide into sugar with some clever mix-and-match math.
Lesson by Cathy Symington, animation by Flaming Medusa Studios Inc.
wn.com/Nature's Smallest Factory The Calvin Cycle Cathy Symington
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cathy-symington
A hearty bowl of cereal gives you the energy to start your day, but how exactly did that energy make its way into your bowl? It all begins with photosynthesis, the process that converts the air we breathe into energizing glucose. Cathy Symington details the highly efficient second phase of photosynthesis -- called the Calvin cycle -- which converts carbon dioxide into sugar with some clever mix-and-match math.
Lesson by Cathy Symington, animation by Flaming Medusa Studios Inc.
- published: 01 Apr 2014
- views: 287147
c3 vs c4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:08
- Updated: 11 Dec 2013
- views: 18818
- published: 11 Dec 2013
- views: 18818
Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:28
- Updated: 02 Feb 2010
- views: 653550
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=slm6D2VEXYs
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=slm6D2VEXYs
wn.com/Photosynthesis Calvin Cycle
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis
More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=slm6D2VEXYs
- published: 02 Feb 2010
- views: 653550
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4:19
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
published: 14 Mar 2013
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis
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- published: 14 Mar 2013
- views: 61214
2:09
C3 carbon fixation
C3 carbon fixation is one of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesi...
published: 27 Dec 2015
C3 carbon fixation
C3 carbon fixation
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- published: 27 Dec 2015
- views: 70
9:44
Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle
Details on the Calvin Cycle
published: 13 Jan 2012
Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle
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- published: 13 Jan 2012
- views: 142084
11:28
Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM
Alternative Pathways of carbon fixation: C4 and CAM plants
published: 13 Jan 2012
Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM
Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM
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- published: 13 Jan 2012
- views: 191490
3:16
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
Photosynthesis in Higher Plants: THE C4 PATHWAY: Kortschak & Hartt demonstrated that sugar...
published: 29 Jul 2014
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01
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- published: 29 Jul 2014
- views: 17356
16:58
C-4 Photosynthesis
C-4 Photosynthesis: How some plants avoid photorespiration
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published: 05 Feb 2010
C-4 Photosynthesis
C-4 Photosynthesis
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- published: 05 Feb 2010
- views: 235472
13:15
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
Hank explains the extremely complex series of reactions whereby plants feed themselves on ...
published: 19 Mar 2012
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8
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- published: 19 Mar 2012
- views: 2178057
5:38
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
View full lesson: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/nature-s-smallest-factory-the-calvin-cycle-cat...
published: 01 Apr 2014
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cathy Symington
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- published: 01 Apr 2014
- views: 287147
4:08
c3 vs c4
published: 11 Dec 2013
c3 vs c4
c3 vs c4
- Report rights infringement
- published: 11 Dec 2013
- views: 18818
13:28
Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
The Calvin Cycle or the light-independent (dark) reactions of photosythesis
More free less...
published: 02 Feb 2010
Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
Photosynthesis: Calvin Cycle
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- published: 02 Feb 2010
- views: 653550
C3 C4 CAM Photosynethesis...
C3 carbon fixation...
Photosynthesis Part 4: The Calvin Cycle...
Photosynthesis Part 5: C4 and CAM...
THE C4 PATHWAY_ PART 01...
C-4 Photosynthesis...
Photosynthesis: Crash Course Biology #8...
Nature's smallest factory: The Calvin cycle - Cath...
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