Subway (underpass)

In England and Wales, the Republic of Ireland, Hong Kong and Commonwealth countries such as India, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand, a subway is normally an underpass for pedestrians and/or cyclists beneath a road or railway, allowing them to reach the other side in safety. Subways may also be constructed for the benefit of wildlife.

In the United States, as used by the California Department of Transportation and in parts of Pennsylvania such as Harrisburg, Duncannon and Wyoming County, it can mean a depressed road undercrossing.

Subways are less common in North American cities than in European cities of comparable size. They are constructed when it is necessary for pedestrians to cross a railway line or a dual carriageway such as an interstate highway, and they appear at the exits from underground rapid transit systems, but one would be rarely built to enable people to cross an ordinary city street. When they are built, the term pedestrian underpass is more likely to be used, because "subway" in North America refers to rapid transit systems such as the New York City Subway or the Toronto Subway.

Subway (group)

The Chicago-based group Subway, was composed of Eric McNeal, Keith Thomas, Trerail Puckett and Roy Jones. The group was signed by Michael Bivins (of New Edition and Bell Biv DeVoe) to his Motown-distributed label Biv 10. They debuted in 1995 with the hit single "This Lil' Game We Play" featuring labelmates 702 that reached #15 on the Billboard charts. The song was produced and written by Gerald Levert and Edwin Nicholas and was billed as "Subway featuring 702". The single set the group off to a good start, going gold and selling nearly a million copies.

Their debut album was titled Good Times and was released later that year. The cover art and title of the album was inspired by the same-named CBS hit sitcom of the '70s. Written and produced by Gerald Levert and Edwin Nicholas, the album packed some solid hits such as the aforementioned "This Lil' Game We Play."

In 2007, Eric McNeal released a solo EP throughout the box records.

Chart positions

Albums

Singles

External links/Sources

Subway Israel

Subway Israel (Hebrew: סאבוויי‎) was a fast food sandwich chain, an international franchise of Subway. Opening in 1992, they expanded to 23 branches around Israel before they closed in 2004.

History

In the early 1990s, Subway began expanding their international franchises at a much more rapid pace, with Israel being one of those places.

In 1992 Subway entered Israel for the first time. In 2004, when the original franchisee died, the chain closed their 23 locations.

Kashrut

Although not all restaurants in Israel were kosher, all did refrain from pig products. Due to not wanting to ostracize themselves from the Jewish residents of Israel, Subway did not offer bacon or ham.

Other kosher Subways

Outside of Israel, the only other kosher Subways are located in the United States, which opened its first location in 2006 in a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio. At the Mandel JCC of Cleveland Subway spokesman Jared Fogle attended the opening. Subway's press release on the opening stated, "With slight modifications, such as no pork-based products, and the use of soy-based cheese product, the menu is virtually identical to that of any other Subway restaurant."

Area

Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane. Surface area is its analog on the two-dimensional surface of a three-dimensional object. Area can be understood as the amount of material with a given thickness that would be necessary to fashion a model of the shape, or the amount of paint necessary to cover the surface with a single coat. It is the two-dimensional analog of the length of a curve (a one-dimensional concept) or the volume of a solid (a three-dimensional concept).

The area of a shape can be measured by comparing the shape to squares of a fixed size. In the International System of Units (SI), the standard unit of area is the square metre (written as m²), which is the area of a square whose sides are one metre long. A shape with an area of three square metres would have the same area as three such squares. In mathematics, the unit square is defined to have area one, and the area of any other shape or surface is a dimensionless real number.

Area (LDS Church)

An area is an administrative unit of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), which typically is composed of multiple stakes and missions. Areas are the primary church administrative unit between individual stakes and the church as a whole.

History

The areas as they now exist were formed in January 1984. Prior to that time, general authorities served as "area supervisors" and at times resided outside of Salt Lake City. In 1984, 13 initial areas were created; by 1992 there were 22, and by early 2007 there were 31. As of August 2012 there are 25 areas.

Administration

Until 2003, each area had a president and two counselors, all of whom were typically general authorities (area seventies were sometimes asked to be counselors). This three-man body was known as the area presidency. In that year, the church eliminated area presidencies for all areas located in the United States and Canada. Each of these areas were placed under the direct supervision of one of the seven members of the Presidency of the Seventy, thus freeing more general authorities from specific area assignments. Since these areas were previously administered by area presidencies located at church headquarters in Salt Lake City, the administrative change was not as drastic as it might seem.

300 Area

The 300 Area is part of the Hanford Site in the state of Washington, USA. The area was originally used for the production of fuel for nuclear reactors and for performing research on improving the production process, however most modern work being done focuses on environmental research. Today, the buildings remain active as laboratories, workshops, and offices. The 300 area is operated by the Battelle Memorial Institute.

The 300 area is a restricted-access area to maintain safety due to the nature of materials routinely handled. The soil around the complex in several locations is contaminated with low-level radiation. There are waste burial grounds to the north with higher level radiation that have had hundreds of thousands of tons of soil removed.

Closure

Fluor Hanford, Inc. began the 300 Area Accelerated Closure Plan in 2000 when re-industrialization failed to grow as expected. The facility is in the process of demolition, staff will be moved from the aging World War II era buildings to newly constructed buildings on the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PNNL main campus. The move is scheduled to conclude in 2011, moving approximately 1,000 employees. This move is greatly complicated by the fact that the 300 Area houses all of the nuclear and radiological research laboratories. By moving now, rather than the originally planned 2046, estimates place savings of maintaining the outdated facility at $1.5 billion.