Religion

Religion is a cultural system of behaviors and practices, world views, ethics, and social organisation that relate humanity to an order of existence. About 84% of the world's population is affiliated with one of the five largest religions, namely Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism or forms of folk religion.

With the onset of the modernisation of and the scientific revolution in the western world, some aspects of religion have cumulatively been criticized. Though the religiously unaffliated, including atheism and agnosticism, have grown globally, many of the unaffiliated still have various religious beliefs. About 16% of the world's population is religiously unaffiliated.

The study of religion encompasses a wide variety of academic disciplines, including comparative religion and social scientific studies. Theories of religion offer explanations for the origins and workings of religion.

Etymology

Religion

Religion (from O.Fr. religion "religious community", from L. religionem (nom. religio) "respect for what is sacred, reverence for the gods", "obligation, the bond between man and the gods") is derived from the Latin religiō, the ultimate origins of which are obscure. One possibility is an interpretation traced to Cicero, connecting lego "read", i.e. re (again) + lego in the sense of "choose", "go over again" or "consider carefully". Modern scholars such as Tom Harpur and Joseph Campbell favor the derivation from ligare "bind, connect", probably from a prefixed re-ligare, i.e. re (again) + ligare or "to reconnect", which was made prominent by St. Augustine, following the interpretation of Lactantius. The medieval usage alternates with order in designating bonded communities like those of monastic orders: "we hear of the 'religion' of the Golden Fleece, of a knight 'of the religion of Avys'".

Religio

The Latin term religiō, origin of the modern lexeme religion (via Old French/Middle Latin) is of ultimately obscure etymology. It is recorded beginning in the 1st century BC, i.e. in Classical Latin at the beginning of the Roman Empire, notably by Cicero, in the sense of "scrupulous or strict observance of the traditional cultus".

Etymology

The classical explanation of the word, traced to Cicero himself, derives it from re- (again) + lego in the sense of "choose", "go over again" or "consider carefully". Modern scholars such as Tom Harpur and Joseph Campbell favor the derivation from ligo "bind, connect", probably from a prefixed re-ligare, i.e. re- (again) + ligare or "to reconnect," which was made prominent by St. Augustine, following the interpretation of Lactantius.

The problem with these etymologies, regardless of whether one favours lego or ligo, is that the now-familiar prefix re- "again" is not attested prior to its occurrence in religio and is itself in need of an etymological explanation.

Hugo

Hugo or HUGO may refer to:

People

Places

HUGO

Other uses

Hugo (video game)

There are several Hugo video games based on early episodes of Interactive Television Entertainment's TV show Hugo, part of the international Hugo franchise. From 1992 to 2000, ITE developed and released versions for Amiga, Commodore 64 and PC, as well as the Game Boy and PlayStation consoles, exclusively for European markets. In 2011, Krea Media published a series of mobile game remakes for Android.

The games resemble those on the television show; in almost all of them, the player guides the titular protagonist (a small, friendly troll named Hugo) to save his wife and children from the evil witch Scylla. To rescue his family, Hugo must navigate safely through dangerous environments in various minigame scenarios.

History

Two Amiga games, Hugo (originally titled Hugo - På Nye Eventyr: Del 1) and its sequel, Hugo 2 (originally Hugo - På Nye Eventyr: Del 2) were released in 1992. These were re-released as a 1994 compilation, Hugo (Hugo På Nye Eventyr), and ported to the PC in 1995-1996. Both games were similar to the TV show where the contestant would try to completes arcade sequences to collect points and avoid obstacles using a phone, and the ending minigames are identical. Later PC releases included Hugo 3 to Hugo 6, Hugo: Wild River (1998), and their upgraded compilations Hugo Gold (1998), Hugo Platin (1999) and Hugo XL (1999).

Hugo: Man of a Thousand Faces

Hugo: Man of a Thousand Faces, was a lifelike doll produced by Kenner toy company in 1975. It included many accessories, such as goatee and sideburns, which could be glued onto his bald head, creating a variety of looks. Hugo has since become a highly sought-after toy on the collector's market.

About

Hugo was created by Alan Ormsby and produced by Kenner toy company in 1975. The Hugo doll featured lifelike facial characteristics, and came with a makeup kit, wig, glasses, and several different glue-on accessories. He was housed in a large box showing him in different disguises, and had a soft rubber head and plastic hard hands. His arms were stuffed with cotton wool - international variants having plastic arms.

Collector's Market

Hugo has become a highly sought-after toy on the collector's market, especially on sites such as eBay.

Finding a set with all the accessories is difficult, since the special nontoxic glue (as stated in the instruction booklet) used to stick his disguises is usually dry after the time passed. Both the Kenner and Denys fisher boxes are identical except for the logos of each of the toy companies.

Old vine

Old vine (French: vieilles vignes, German: alte Reben), a common description on wine labels, indicates that a wine is the product of grape vines that are notably old. There is a general belief that older vines, when properly handled, will give a better wine. There is no legal or generally agreed definition for old.

Usage

Grape vines can grow for over 120 years. After about 20 years vines start to produce smaller crops, and average yields decrease, leading to more concentrated, intense wines. Diseases such as "dead arm" can also afflict old vines, in some cases further concentrating the juice. "Old vines" might apply to an entire estate, or it might mean only a certain parcel planted before others. In the U.S., the most common use is on Zinfandel, because in California vineyards up to 125 years old are still bearing small amounts of prized Zinfandel fruit.

In a place where wine production is longstanding, it often means a wine whose vines are thirty to forty years old. Some wine makers insist the vines should be older than this. In newly established wine regions, twenty years might be old. The definition is further complicated by the fact that certain varieties simply do not have economically viable yields when they get truly ancient.

Old (song)

"Old" is a song recorded by American heavy metal band Machine Head. It was released as a single in two different versions. The title track is taken off of the 1994 album Burn My Eyes. It is the fourth track featured on the band's live album Hellalive, and the ninth track featured on the band's second live album Machine Fucking Head Live.

Digipack yellow cover version

Digipack white cover version

Promo version

References