- published: 03 Apr 2016
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An acid (from the Latin acidus/acēre meaning sour) is a substance which reacts with a base. Commonly, acids can be identified as tasting sour, reacting with metals such as calcium, and bases like sodium carbonate. Aqueous acids have a pH of less than 7, where an acid of lower pH is typically stronger. Chemicals or substances having the property of an acid are said to be acidic.
Common examples of acids include acetic acid (in vinegar), sulfuric acid (used in car batteries), and tartaric acid (used in baking). As these three examples show, acids can be solutions, liquids, or solids. Gases such as hydrogen chloride can be acids as well. Strong acids and some concentrated weak acids are corrosive, but there are exceptions such as carboranes and boric acid.
There are three common definitions for acids: the Arrhenius definition, the Brønsted-Lowry definition, and the Lewis definition. The Arrhenius definition states that acids are substances which increase the concentration of hydronium ions (H3O+) in solution. The Brønsted-Lowry definition is an expansion: an acid is a substance which can act as a proton donor. Most acids encountered in everyday life are aqueous solutions, or can be dissolved in water, and these two definitions are most relevant. The reason why pHs of acids are less than 7 is that the concentration of hydronium ions is greater than 10−7moles per liter. Since pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the concentration of hydronium ions, acids thus have pHs of less than 7. By the Brønsted-Lowry definition, any compound which can easily be deprotonated can be considered an acid. Examples include alcohols and amines which contain O-H or N-H fragments.
Adam Richard Wiles (born 17 January 1984), better known by his stage name Calvin Harris, is a Scottish DJ, singer, songwriter, and record producer. His gold-selling debut album, I Created Disco, was released in 2007 and contained the top ten singles "Acceptable in the 80s" and "The Girls". His second studio album, Ready for the Weekend (2009), reached number one in the UK Album Chart and includes the chart-topper "I'm Not Alone", the UK top five hit "Ready for the Weekend", and the singles "Flashback" and "You Used to Hold Me".
A remix album titled L.E.D. Festival was released in July 2010 as a free album in the August issue of Mixmag. Harris is currently working on his third studio album—due for release in 2012—which has produced the singles "Awooga", "Bounce", "Feel So Close", and "Let's Go". He has written and produced records for other recording artists including Kylie Minogue, Sophie Ellis-Bextor, Dizzee Rascal, Rihanna (on the international chart topper "We Found Love"), and Kesha.
Actors: Kristian Messere (director), Kristian Messere (producer), Julian LeBlanc (actor), Kristian Messere (writer), Kristian Messere (editor), Kristian Messere (actor), Rowland Pidlubny (actor), Ken McNicol (actor), Alison Wandzura (actress), Marc Silverman (actor), John Doty Jr. (actor), Amanda McEwan (actress), Wendy Yonge (miscellaneous crew), Serena Bickerstaff (actress), Tony Cipriano (actor),
Plot: Embracing his nouveau riche status, Ace reunites with his childhood mentor Roach, who brings him in on a high-tech weapons heist. Ace begins searching for the discreet society who commissioned the artillery, while pursuing femme fatale Lexi, who carries a very hidden agenda.
Genres: Crime,Actors: Bill Bellamy (actor), Jason Mewes (actor), Casper Van Dien (producer), I. Elijah Baughman (actor), Lin Shaye (actress), Jon Gries (actor), Casper Van Dien (actor), Rick Overton (actor), Mindy Sterling (actress), Kip Konwiser (producer), Michael E. Morales (miscellaneous crew), Richard Speight Jr. (actor), Jesse Heiman (actor), Catherine Annette (actress), Brien Perry (actor),
Genres: ,Actors: Damien Colletti (actor), Jay McCarey (actor), George Wilson (actor), Phil Piruzzi Filsoof (actor), Anthony Mecca (actor), Anthony Mecca (actor), Sarah Dewey (actress), Kevin Krutz (editor), Josh Henderson (miscellaneous crew), Loren Schofield (actor), Nicole Lee (miscellaneous crew), Ted Miller (actor), Munir Kreidie (actor), Rebecca Flint (actress), John Woods (writer),
Plot: A mysterious occult is taking over the world and the only one who can stop them is a mental patient named Jack. Two Detectives are assigned to crack the case, but they find themselves digging deeper into a sick dark world of ancient legends and ritualistic madness.
Genres: Horror, Thriller,Actors: Jennylyn Mercado (actress), Marvin Agustin (actor), Boots Anson-Roa (actress), Dingdong Dantes (director), Gina Alajar (director), Allan Paule (actor), Mhalouh Crisologo (actress), Pinky Amador (actress), Jaclyn Jose (actress), Malou de Guzman (actress), Mark A. Reyes (director), Ketchup Eusebio (actor), Patrick Garcia (actor), Paolo Paraiso (actor), Dominic Ochoa (actor),
Plot: "Angels" is a trilogy. The three episodes featured in the movies are: "Angel of Mine", "Daddy's Angel" and "Angel of Love". "Angel of Mine," directed by Gina Alajar, features a career woman forced to tend to a child left by this problematic mother. "Daddy's Angel" follows the bitter father-and-son relationship between a (dying) ex-convict and this affectionate young boy who bore miserable stigmas of a brutal past. A young man is imprisoned for killing a close friend, who raped his wife on his wedding day. While in prison, his wife gets pregnant, giving birth to this angelic boy. The wife dies before his sentence is due. In "Angel of Love", Bianang, a frustrated musician, is caught in a tangle of family concerns. Orphaned by their mother and abandoned by their father, she is left to look after her two younger siblings and fend for their needs by finding her niche in the music industry. By some twist of fate, guised through Kerubina, her path crosses with Jude, a guy from a matriarchal clan of aristocrats who battles with repercussions of ending a heavily laden relationship.
Keywords: angel, anthology, aristocrat, assassin, assassination-attempt, babysitting, back-from-the-dead, cat, death-threat, ex-convictActors: Camille Solari (actress), Darby Daniels (actress), Elina Madison (actress), Stacy Keach (actor), Michael Feifer (producer), Anthony Eikner (miscellaneous crew), Anthony Eikner (actor), Mary Ann Schmidt (actress), Shelley Michelle (producer), Shelley Michelle (actress), Shelley Michelle (writer), Sheila Lussier (actress), Frank Payne (actor), Fred Thomas Jr. (actor), Rhoda Jordan (actress),
Plot: Well into the future, a senior interplanetary investigator, 3V3, sends a distress signal. Ginger, a tough and ravishing stellar investigator takes the assignment and follows the signal to a planet where a nasty villain, Zidian, is brewing and exporting an addictive drug called "toad." It's also he who has captured 3V3. Ginger recruits four tough female bounty hunters. We learn more about 3V3's identity and Ginger's skills at entrapment. Plus, there's Ray, a bartender who has a history with Ginger. Can the five women find and rescue 3V3, foil Zidian's plans, and escape with their lives?
Keywords: asphyxiation, attempted-rape, bare-breasts, bare-butt, bartender, bounty-hunter, car-chase, car-crash, death, death-of-fatherActors: Ambazhathil Karunakaran Lohithadas (actor), Madhupal (actor), Sadiq (actor), Prithviraj Sukumaran (actor), Vijayaraghavan (actor), Johnson (composer), Bhoominathan (editor), Vinayakan (actor), A.K. Sajan (director), Thara Kalyan (actress), A.K. Santhosh (writer), Saji Soman (actor), Chandra Laxman (actress),
Genres: Action, Crime, Drama, Thriller,Actors: Victor Adamson (actor), Scott Brady (actor), Greydon Clark (actor), Gary Kent (actor), Russ Tamblyn (actor), Kent Taylor (actor), Randee Lynne Jensen (actress), Al Adamson (producer), Greydon Clark (writer), Al Adamson (director), Gary Graver (editor), Victor Adamson (miscellaneous crew), Samuel M. Sherman (miscellaneous crew), Robert Dix (actor), John 'Bud' Cardos (actor),
Plot: The "Satans" are a very cruel biker gang led by Anchor. The gang goes to a diner in the middle of nowhere in the California desert where they begin to terrorize Lew and his patrons and his waitress, Tracy. After a little killing, one of the patrons named Johnny manages to escape from the bikers into the desert. They need to reach a town before the Satans catch up to them and kill them.
Keywords: biker, female-nudity, gore, independent-film, russian-roulette, stabbed-in-the-throatActors: William Kerwin (actor), William Grefe (director), William Grefe (writer), William Grefe (producer), John Davis Chandler (actor), Jeremy Slate (actor), Julio C. Chávez (editor), Chris Martell (composer), Michael DeBeausset (actor), Socrates Ballis (actor), Steve Alaimo (actor), Willie Pastrano (actor), Gay Perkins (actress), Lee Warren (actor), Terry Smith (actor),
Genres: Crime, Drama,