- published: 20 Feb 2014
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J is the tenth letter in the ISO basic Latin alphabet. Its normal name in English is jay /ˈdʒeɪ/ or jy /ˈdʒaɪ/; when used for the y sound, it may be called yod (/ˈjɒd/ or /ˈjoʊd/).
The letter j originated as a swash character, used for the letter i at the end of Roman numerals when following another i, as in xxiij instead of xxiii for the Roman numeral representing 23. A distinctive usage emerged in Middle High German.Gian Giorgio Trissino (1478–1550) was the first to explicitly distinguish I and J as representing separate sounds, in his Ɛpistola del Trissino de le lettere nuωvamente aggiunte ne la lingua italiana ("Trissino's epistle about the letters recently added in the Italian language") of 1524. Originally, I and J were different shapes for the same letter, both equally representing /i/, /iː/, and /j/; but Romance languages developed new sounds (from former /j/ and /ɡ/) that came to be represented as I and J; therefore, English J, acquired from the French J, has a sound value quite different from /j/ (which represents the sound in the English word "yet").
Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson (born October 25, 1984), known by her stage name Katy Perry, is an American singer, songwriter and actress. Perry grew up with gospel music, and during her first year of high school she pursued a music career as Katy Hudson, releasing her first studio album called Katy Hudson which failed to chart. She recorded a solo album later, which was never released. After signing with Capitol Music Group in 2007, her fourth record label in seven years, she adopted the stage name Katy Perry.
She first gained recognition with the release of her first mainstream album, One of the Boys in 2008, which spawned three Billboard Hot 100 top-ten songs—"I Kissed A Girl", "Hot n Cold" and "Waking Up In Vegas". Perry supported the album with her Hello Katy Tour. In 2010, her third studio album, Teenage Dream (2010), which topped the Billboard 200 chart, and spawned five number one singles—"California Gurls", "Teenage Dream", "Firework", "E.T." and "Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)"—Teenage Dream was the only album (after Michael Jackson's Bad)—to do so, and the first female in history to achieve this milestone. She embarked on the California Dreams Tour, which grossed nearly $60 million worldwide. Perry re-released the album under the name of Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection on March 26, 2012, and the re-release has already spawned the number-one single "Part of Me".
Dark horse is a term used to describe a little-known person or thing that emerges to prominence, especially in a competition of some sort or a contestant that seems unlikely to succeed.
The term began as horse racing parlance. A dark horse is a race horse that is not known to gamblers and thus is difficult to place betting odds on.
The earliest-known use of the phrase is in Benjamin Disraeli's novel The Young Duke (1831). Disraeli's protagonist, the Duke of St. James, attends a horse race with a surprise finish: "A dark horse which had never been thought of, and which the careless St. James had never even observed in the list, rushed past the grandstand in sweeping triumph."
The term has been used politically in such countries as Peru, Philippines and United States.
Politically, the term reached America in the nineteenth century when it was first applied to James K. Polk, a relatively unknown Tennessee Democrat who won the Democratic Party's 1844 presidential nomination over a host of better-known candidates. Polk won the nomination on the ninth ballot, and went on to win the presidential election.
Actors: Bill Flynn (actor), Matthew Posey (actor), Del Shores (actor), Melody Brooke (miscellaneous crew), Libby Villari (actress), Cherami Leigh (actress), Denise Lee (actress), Grover Coulson (actor), Dixie Lee Sedgwick (miscellaneous crew), Mike Henricks (miscellaneous crew), John Pinder (miscellaneous crew), Julie Mayfield (actress), Rebekah Turner (actress), Melissa Odom (actress), Melissa Rude (actress),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Roberto Pérez Toledo (writer), Roberto Pérez Toledo (director), Roberto Pérez Toledo (producer), Macarena Gómez (actress), Miguel Ángel Muñoz (actor), Javier Fesser (actor), Javier Fesser (writer), Javier Fesser (director), Javier Botet (actor), Javier Botet (writer), Javier Botet (producer), Javier Botet (director), Manuela Vellés (actress), David Galán Galindo (director), David Galán Galindo (writer),
Genres: ,Actors: Brian Fortune (actor), Gerry Shanahan (actor), Elliot V. Kotek (producer), John Murphy (editor), Frank Kelly (director), Frank Kelly (producer), Frank Kelly (writer), Rory Mullen (actor), Steve Gunn (actor), Trampas Thompson (producer), Patrick O'Donnell (actor), Elaine Reddy (actress), Michael Bates (actor), Dermot O'Mahony (composer), Marie-Valerie Jeantelot (producer),
Genres: Crime, Thriller,Actors: Keith Davis (editor), Darius Clark Monroe (writer), Darius Clark Monroe (director), Darius Clark Monroe (producer), Rodney Parnther (producer), Carlton Byrd (writer), Carlton Byrd (actor), Mykwain A. Gainey (producer), Harvey Gardner Moore (writer), Harvey Gardner Moore (actor),
Genres: Drama, Short,Actors: Lorene Farrugia (writer), Steve While (actor), Damien McEvoy (actor), Duro Oye (producer), Duro Oye (editor), Duro Oye (director), Christopher Barnes-Christian (producer), Christopher Barnes-Christian (actor), Ibby Owo (producer), Emmanuel Abiola (actor), Adrian Cassell (actor),
Plot: Each sitting in a bare interrogation room - Sam, J and Matthew are questioned individually about a possible crime. Rewind five hours to a flash car parked alongside a dimly lit road. The three young men sit in the car - watching the empty road outside. Matthew talks business, J listens and Sam, naive and impressionable, makes a nuisance of himself in the backseat. However, to the passing Special Police Officers, their lack of bad behaviour is what draws the Officer's attention to them. Is it their colour, is it their car or is it their age that entitles the Officer's to pass unfounded judgement onto Sam, J and Matthew? The three young men do indeed have something to hide and when Sam finally cracks under the intense pressure of the Officer's questioning, it is Matthew who finds himself unwilling to rat on his friends and subsequently shouldering the blame. Matthew questions whether the crime fits the punishment and the Officer's question Matthew's self belief in taking the blame.
Genres: Drama, Short,Actors: Marvin Brown (actor), Jarreau Benjamin (producer), Jarreau Benjamin (writer), Jarreau Benjamin (actor), Jarreau Benjamin (director), Jerreau Benjamin (actor), Mark Turton (actor), Craig Woodhams (actor),
Genres: Drama, Short,Actors: Marvin Brown (actor), Jarreau Benjamin (producer), Jarreau Benjamin (writer), Jarreau Benjamin (actor), Jarreau Benjamin (director), Jerreau Benjamin (actor), Mark Turton (actor), Craig Woodhams (actor),
Genres: Drama, Short,Actors: N. Andrew Elliot (writer), N. Andrew Elliot (director), N. Andrew Elliot (editor), N. Andrew Elliot (producer), N. Andrew Elliot (actor), Lyndsey Walker (actress), Tracey Walker (writer), Tracey Walker (actress), Darren Horne (actor), Darren Horne (producer), Phil Hewitson (actor), Phil Hewitson (writer), Jay Boryczko (actor), Alex Morrison (actor), Jay Boryczko (producer),
Plot: In a world in which Maniac Killers are so plentiful that they regularly stumble upon one another and fight to the death, an evil mastermind identifies a financial opportunity. He begins to round up 9 of the most notorious killers to battle in a custom built, camera saturated, wooded arena. So begins The Maniac Project, the greatest, grind-house style, exploitation, snuff movie ever conceived.
Keywords: b-movie, exploitation, grindhouse, low-budgetActors: Hayk Abrahamyan (editor), Nikita Brevnov (actor), Nikita Brevnov (director), Hayk Abrahamyan (actor), Hayk Abrahamyan (producer), Nikita Brevnov (producer), Hayk Abrahamyan (writer), Nikita Brevnov (writer), Mikhail Papyan (actor), Marianna Abrahamyan (actress),
Genres: Short,Actors: Ed O'Ross (actor), Richard Roundtree (actor), Fred Williamson (actor), Fred Williamson (writer), Fred Williamson (producer), Jim Brown (actor), Fred Williamson (director), Joe Spinell (actor), Tom Signorelli (actor), Daniel Loewenthal (editor), Randy Jurgensen (producer), Frank Ferrara (actor), Peter Dane (actor), Harry Madsen (actor), Captain Haggerty (actor),
Plot: During a high-stakes east-west karate tournament, coach Chuck suspects the match is rigged against him. When looking around the other team's locker room gets him shot, he calls in Cal and J, his partners from California. After exercising a little persuasion and a lot of brute force, they discover who's behind it all. Now the only problem is getting back the money Chuck is owed.
Keywords: african-american, b-movie, blaxploitation, champion, chop-socky, cult-director, cult-film, gangster, grindhouse, karate-tournament