- published: 08 Sep 2013
- views: 82751
Tian (Chinese: 天; pinyin: tiān; Wade–Giles: t'ien; literally "sky, heaven, heavens; god, gods") is one of the oldest Chinese terms for the cosmos and a key concept in Chinese mythology, philosophy, and religion. During the Shang Dynasty (17–11th centuries BCE) the Chinese called god Shangdi (上帝 "lord on high") or Di ("lord"), and during the Zhou Dynasty (11th–3rd centuries BCE) Tian "heaven; god" became synonymous with Shangdi. Heaven worship was, before the 20th century, an orthodox state religion of China.
In the Chinese philosophical systems of Taoism and Confucianism, Tian is often translated as "Heaven" and is mentioned in relationship to its complementary aspect of Dì (地), which is most often translated as "Earth". These two aspects of Daoist cosmology are representative of the dualistic nature of Taoism. They are thought to maintain the two poles of the Three Realms (三界) of reality, with the middle realm occupied by Humanity (人 Ren).
Tian's modern Chinese character 天 combines da 大 "great; large" and yi 一 "one", but some of the original characters in Shang oracle bone script and Zhou bronzeware script anthropomorphically portray a large head on a great person. The ancient oracle and bronze ideograms for da 大 depict a stick figure person with arms stretched out denoting "great; large". The oracle and bronze characters for tian 天 emphasize the cranium of this "great (person)", either with a square or round head, or head marked with one or two lines. Since Shang scribes cut oracle inscriptions on bone or shell, their characters often have straight lines where later bronze inscriptions have curved lines. Schuessler (2007:495) notes the bronze graphs for tian, showing a person with a round head, resemble those for ding 丁 "4th Celestial stem", and suggests "The anthropomorphic graph may or may not indicate that the original meaning was 'deity', rather than 'sky'."
Porque yo se que la almas se juntan
y que los cuerpos en vida se cruzan
porque la vida es así misteriosa
quiero que sepas q no pienso en otra cosa
y en tu boquita, tu risa y tu pelo
y tu besitos que rezan en mi credo
que tu, mujer, me has estado llevando
en un colsapso que pinta en un infarto.
Y yo sin libertad,
cargando las cadenas de la soledad
y tu sin mas ni más
que nunca llamarás.
Flaco hasta los huesos, vivo en agonía,
esto no se cura con penicilina,
me he bañado todo en agua bendita
y le he puesto velas a Santa Sofía.
Soy un disidente de la psiquiatría,
un invertebrado sin anatomía,
una media cosa una cosa fría,
que si tú no vuelves se le va la vida.
Porque mis rezos no llegan al cielo
y mis promesas son palo de un ciego,
porque no soy matador ni torero,
quiero que sepas nena mía
que no puedo con esa pena
que es como una espada,
que me ha dejado cortado en dos tajadas
y que los días me importan un bledo
y lo que viene sin ti yo no lo quiero.
Y yo sin libertad,
cargando las cadenas de la soledad
y tú sin más ni más
que nunca llamarás.
Flaco hasta los huesos vivo en agonía...
Santa Sofía, Santa Sofía
ah ah
Flaco hasta los huesos vivo en agonía...
la la... Santa Sofía
la la... Santa Sofía
Flaco hasta los huesos vivo en agonía...