Real estate bubble

A real estate bubble or property bubble (or housing bubble for residential markets) is a type of economic bubble that occurs periodically in local or global real estate markets, typically following a land boom. A land boom is the rapid increase in valuations of real property such as housing until they reach unsustainable levels and then decline in a bubble.

The questions of whether real estate bubbles can be identified and prevented, and whether they have broader macroeconomic significance are answered differently by schools of economic thought, as detailed below. The financial crisis of 2007–08 was related to the bursting of real estate bubbles which had begun during the 2000s around the world.

Bubbles in housing markets are more critical than stock market bubbles. Historically, equity price busts occur on average every 13 years, lasts for 2.5 years, and result in about 4 percent loss in GDP. Housing price busts are less frequent, but last nearly twice as long and lead to output losses that are twice as large (IMF World Economic Outlook, 2003). A recent laboratory experimental study also shows that, compared to financial markets, real estate markets involve longer boom and bust periods.

Real estate

Real estate is "property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its natural resources such as crops, minerals, or water; immovable property of this nature; an interest vested in this (also) an item of real property; (more generally) buildings or housing in general. Also: the business of real estate; the profession of buying, selling, or renting land, buildings or housing."

It is a legal term used in jurisdictions such as the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, India, Australia, and New Zealand.

Residential real estate

Residential real estate is a type of property, containing either a single family or multifamily structure, that is available for occupation for non-business purposes.

Residences can be classified by, if, and how they are connected to neighbouring residences and land. Different types of housing tenure can be used for the same physical type. For example, connected residents might be owned by a single entity and leased out, or owned separately with an agreement covering the relationship between units and common areas and concerns.

Bubble

Bubble or Bubbles may refer to:

Physical bubbles

Arts and literature

Astronomy

The Federal Kuala Lumpur

The Federal Kuala Lumpur is an international-class hotel located on Kuala Lumpur's Bukit Bintang district. It hosts post-independence Malaya's first revolving restaurant.

History

The Federal Kuala Lumpur is the first international-class hotel of post-independence Malaya. It was built to coincide with Malaya's Independence commemoration to serve as a hotel for witnessing foreign dignitaries. It opened for business just three days before Malaya's Independence Day which falls on 31 August 1957. It was founded by Tan Sri Datuk Low Yat. The architect of the original nine-story building was Yoon Thim Lee. The taller wing housing the revolving restaurant was built in the early 1960s.

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Federal Reserve System

The Federal Reserve System‍—‌also known as the Federal Reserve or simply as the Fed‍—‌is the central banking system of the United States. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, largely in response to a series of financial panics, particularly a severe panic in 1907. Over time, the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System have expanded, and its structure has evolved. Events such as the Great Depression in the 1930s were major factors leading to changes in the system.

The U.S. Congress established three key objectives for monetary policy in the Federal Reserve Act: maximizing employment, stabilizing prices, and moderating long-term interest rates. The first two objectives are sometimes referred to as the Federal Reserve's dual mandate. Its duties have expanded over the years, and as of 2009 also include supervising and regulating banks, maintaining the stability of the financial system and providing financial services to depository institutions, the U.S. government, and foreign official institutions. The Fed conducts research into the economy and releases numerous publications, such as the Beige Book.