- published: 20 May 2008
- views: 2193765
Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. Whereas interpreting undoubtedly antedates writing, translation began only after the appearance of written literature; there exist partial translations of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh (ca. 2000 BCE) into Southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE.
Translators always risk inappropriate spill-over of source-language idiom and usage into the target-language translation. On the other hand, spill-overs have imported useful source-language calques and loanwords that have enriched the target languages. Indeed, translators have helped substantially to shape the languages into which they have translated.
Due to the demands of business documentation consequent to the Industrial Revolution that began in the mid-18th century, some translation specialties have become formalized, with dedicated schools and professional associations.
Because of the laboriousness of translation, since the 1940s engineers have sought to automate translation (machine translation) or to mechanically aid the human translator (computer-assisted translation). The rise of the Internet has fostered a world-wide market for translation services and has facilitated language localization.Translation studies deal with the systematic study of the theory, the description and the application of translation.
Actors: Erwin Romulo (actor), Mihk Vergara (actor), Mihk Vergara (actor), Arnold Arre (director), Arnold Arre (composer), Arnold Arre (producer), Arnold Arre (editor), Arnold Arre (writer), Arnold Arre (writer), Rj Ledesma (actor), Rj Ledesma (actor), Cynthia Arre (actor), Cynthia Arre (actor), Chris Costello (actor), Cynthia Arre (producer),
Plot: What happens to TV commercial child stars when they grow up? Do they always live up to everyone's expectations? This is the story of Rey who played a superhero character called 'Milkyboy' in a milk commercial as a child in the 1980s. Fast forward 25 years: he's now working in a declining company with no bright future -- nor love life -- to speak of. He also can't seem to break free from the stigma of being a former role model. Can Rey overcome his inner demons and prove his worth to everyone, including himself?
Genres: Animation, Comedy, Drama, Romance, Short,Actors: John Powell (composer), Simon Atherton (miscellaneous crew), Eric Fellner (producer), Liza Chasin (producer), Tim Bevan (producer), Brian Helgeland (writer), Jason Isaacs (actor), Matt Damon (actor), Greg Kinnear (actor), George W. Bush (actor), Brendan Gleeson (actor), Antoni Corone (actor), Said Faraj (actor), Mohamed Benhmamane (miscellaneous crew), Jim Bacon (miscellaneous crew),
Plot: Following the American invasion of Iraq in 2003 Chief Warrant Officer Roy Miller and his men are charged with finding the so-called weapons of mass destruction, whose existence justified American involvement, according to the Pentagon and their man in Baghdad, Poundstone. Veteran CIA operative Marty tells Miller that there are no weapons, it is a deception to allow the Americans to take over the country and install a puppet leader. Also suspicious of Poundstone is Wall Street Journal reporter Lawrie Dayne, who lets slip to Miller that Poundstone told her he had secret talks in Jordan with an important Iraqi, code-named Magellan, who told him about the weapons, though it now seems likely Magellan's true information was to the contrary. So begins a hunt for the truth. Who's playing whom?
Keywords: 2000s, agent, ak-47, american-intelligence, american-soldier, anti-republican, army, artificial-leg, assassination, attempted-coverupActors: Eduard Topol (producer), Eduard Topol (writer), Eduard Topol (director), Eduard Topol (actor), Igor Otdelnov (editor), Valery Ponomorev (actor), Lev Zabezhinsky (actor), Vladimir Kukuev (actor), Igor Vysotsky (actor), Kirill Bodrov (actor),
Plot: The film is about a legendary jazz trumpeter Valeri Ponomarev. In 1973, Valeri Ponomarev, a 30-year old Moscow musician left like a stalker for the capitalism zone - the USA, while in New York he penetrated into yet another "zone" - he became an acknowledged 'Trumpeter Number 1' in the world capital of jazz; for five years he has been playing in "The Jazz Messengers" of Art Blakey - the best jazz orchestra. Today, "twice stalker" Valeri Ponomarev is in the top ten trumpeters of the world. He has a big band in New York and a similar orchestra "The Russian Messengers" in Moscow and pupils in Moscow and New York. The film is about destiny and jazz.
Genres: Documentary, Music,Actors: Elaine Stritch (actress), James Le Gros (actor), Kate Morrison (miscellaneous crew), Barbara Hershey (actress), Don Schain (producer), Michael Kiely (miscellaneous crew), Mark Snow (composer), Michael Flynn (actor), Richard T. Jones (actor), James Gammon (actor), David Strathairn (actor), Joey Miyashima (actor), Frank Pierson (director), Lisa Spurrier (actress), Carole Fontana (miscellaneous crew),
Plot: Televangelist Bobby Paradise "saw God" in some space debris when he was returning to Earth as an astronaut. Or at least he was convinced he did by his wife, a Cape Canaveral groupie at the time Bobby was with NASA. Now they have built up an extensive TV empire. When their proposal to merge with a somewhat tarnished mogul is investigated by the government, skeletons in the Paradise closet come to light and the family either rallies behind or disparages the enterprise.
Keywords: adultery, airplane, astronaut, band, bar, bible, blood, board-of-directors, boxer, boxing-matchActors: Ofelia Medina (actress), Najwa Nimri (actress), Abel Woolrich (actor), Pedro Armendáriz Jr. (actor), Jorge Zárate (actor), Michael Wincott (actor), Diego Luna (actor), Fidel Castro (actor), Javier Bardem (actor), Johnny Depp (actor), Johnny Depp (actor), Jerzy Skolimowski (actor), Sean Penn (actor), Jon Kilik (producer), Patricia Reyes Spíndola (actress),
Plot: Episodic look at the life of Cuban poet and novelist, Reinaldo Arenas (1943-1990), from his childhood in Oriente province to his death in New York City. He joins Castro's rebels. By 1964, he is in Havana. He meets the wealthy Pepe, an early lover; a love-hate relationship lasts for years. Openly gay behavior is a way to spite the government. His writing and homosexuality get him into trouble: he spends two years in prison, writing letters for other inmates and smuggling out a novel. He befriends Lázaro Gomes Garriles, with whom he lives stateless and in poverty in Manhattan after leaving Cuba in the Mariel boat-lift. When asked why he writes, he replies cheerfully, "Revenge."
Keywords: 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, actor-playing-multiple-roles, airport, bare-chested-male, beach, beachwear, beating, boyActors: Boris Nevzorov (actor), Yevgeni Gerasimov (actor), Ernst Romanov (actor), Natalya Yegorova (actress), Aleksandr Potapov (actor), Mark Minkov (composer), Vyacheslav Baranov (actor), Igor Pushkaryov (actor), Valeri Ryzhakov (actor), Leonid Belozorovich (actor), Nikolai Ivanov (actor), Talgat Nigmatulin (actor), Georgi Markov (writer), Viktor Neznanov (actor), Vladlen Biryukov (actor),
Genres: War,Actors: Stuart Holmes (actor), Al Haskell (actor), Eugene Borden (actor), Franklyn Farnum (actor), Bert Freed (actor), Tom Dillon (actor), Ray Bennett (actor), Peter Brocco (actor), Robert Blake (actor), John Bagni (actor), Antonio Filauri (actor), James Dime (actor), David Bond (actor), Sayre Dearing (actor), Barry Kelley (actor),
Plot: Now grown-up, Johnny Columbo returns to New York from Italy having sworn a vendetta against the Black Hand who killed his father years earlier. Becoming romantically involved with a girl from school and meeting up with an honest cop also fighting the gangs, Columbo starts to wonder if there may be legal ways to defeat them.
Keywords: character-name-in-title, explosion, gangster, hostage, italian-american, italy, kidnapping, mafia, mother-son-relationship, murderActors: John Baxter (director), Hazel Court (actress), Hazel Court (actress), John Baxter (producer), Reginald Purdell (writer), Hazel Court (actress), Gordon Richards (actor), Kennedy Russell (composer), Noel Dainton (actor), Ian McLean (actor), Roy Russell (actor), George Street (actor), Kay Kendall (actress), Patric Doonan (actor), Bud Flanagan (writer),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: Treg Brown (editor), Mel Blanc (actor), Mel Blanc (actor), Mel Blanc (actor), Robert C. Bruce (actor), Leon Schlesinger (producer), Mel Blanc (actor), Carl W. Stalling (composer), Tex Avery (director), Dave Monahan (writer),
Genres: Animation, Comedy, Family, Short,Actors: Eddie Dew (actor), Alec Craig (actor), Cyril Delevanti (actor), Harry Cording (actor), Eddie Albert (actor), Albert Bassermann (actor), Norman Ainsley (actor), Egon Brecher (actor), David Bruce (actor), Nigel Bruce (actor), Leonard Carey (actor), Max Barwyn (actor), Cliff Clark (actor), David Clyde (actor), Gilbert Emery (actor),
Plot: Starting with a small flock of carrier pigeons, nineteenth-century entrepreneur Julius Reuter turns his small company into Europe's most respected news wire service.
Keywords: absent-mindedness, american-civil-war, assassination, banker, belgium, business-competition, character-name-in-title, false-accusation, gauss, germany