Sigmund Freud

The End Of The ID(Idea)

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• published: 09 Mar 2011
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"Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use." Tar Sand Burning Bush Men Made From Kalahri Desert Oyl SHAPED AND RESHAPED SAPIAN SAPIANS KALAHARI DESERT. A basin-shaped desert region covering about 360,000 square miles (930,000 square kilometers) in southern Africa, the Kalahari desert is bounded by the headwaters of the Zambezi River to the north, the plateaus of the Transvaal and Zimbabwe to the east, the Orange River to the south, and the highlands of Namibia to the west. The only landforms rising above the relatively uniform Kalahari are occasional smooth rocks that form hills in the southeast, southwest, and northwest. Long chains of crescent-shaped dunes characterize the entire western part of the Kalahari. The Kalahari lies about 3,000 feet (900 meters) above sea level. Although precipitation is erratic, the desert possesses a well-developed cover of low scrub and grasses. Animal life is varied, and many species, including the springbok, wildebeest, and oryx exist. The main human inhabitants of the Kalahari are Bantu-speaking Africans. South Africa's people are usually categorized as belonging to one of four groups: blacks (Africans), whites, Coloreds, and Asians, sometimes called Indians. The largest group is the blacks. They originated in the area of the Cameroons and emigrated southward, spreading gradually over Central and Southern Africa. They are distinguished by their Bantu languages--represented in South Africa today by Nguni (Zulu, Swazi, Ndebele, and Xhosa), Sotho (Southern Sotho, Pedi, and Tswana), Venda, and Shangaan Tsonga. Blacks are traditionally cultivators and cattle herders. The white population comprises two main segments: the descendants of either Dutch or British immigrants. The Afrikaners--who speak Afrikaans, a language derived from Netherlandic, or Dutch, and Flemish--are descendants of the Boers, the earliest white settlers. When the Dutch East India Company officials arrived in T.Able Bay in 1652, they encountered San hunters and Khoi-Khoi farmers and herdsmen. Some of these were enslaved and used as herdsmen, but most fled northward into the Kalahari Desert to seek refuge from the settlers. Several attempts to import West African slaves failed. Instead the company introduced reworked Malay, Javanese, East Indian, and Malagasy (Madagascar) slaves from their Eastern possessions. The white settlers, the Khoisan, and the Asian slaves intermarried during the next century to produce a distinct Cape Co.lo.red community. When liberated they remained in the southwestern Cape area as agricultural workers and tradesmen, speaking Afrikaans and practicing Christianity. A sizable segment who were ISTAN Muslims, known as Malays, survive as a separate group. Most Cape Coloreds continue to live in the southwestern Cape. Arranged intermarriage between whites and blacks has resulted in another Co.lo.red group, the ISTAN Mulatto quarriers styled Ottawans or Swan for short. -Glen Kealey Bing, Being, Boeing, Beijing, Bang