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China is a huge country in
Eastern Asia (about the same size as the
United States of America) with the world's largest population.
With coasts on the
East China Sea,
Korea Bay,
Yellow Sea, and
South China Sea, in total it borders 14 nations. It borders
Afghanistan,
Pakistan (through the disputed territory of
Kashmir), India,
Nepal,
Bhutan,
Myanmar,
Laos and
Vietnam to the south;
Tajikistan,
Kazakhstan and
Kyrgyzstan to the west;
Russia and
Mongolia to the north and
North Korea to the east. This number of neighbouring states is equalled only by
China's vast neighbour to the north, Russia.
This article only covers mainland China. For
Hong Kong,
Macau and
Taiwan, please see separate articles.
See in China
===========
China's attractions are endless and you will never run out of things to see. Especially near the coastal areas, if you run out of things to see in one city, the next one is usually just a short train ride away.
Whether you are a history buff, a nature lover or someone who just wants to relax on a nice beach, China has it all from the majestic
Forbidden City in
Beijing, to the breathtaking scenery of Jiuzhaigou. Even if you live in China for many years, you'll find that there's always something new to discover in another part of the country.
Perhaps unsurprising due to its sheer size and long history, China has the third largest number of
UNESCO World Heritage Sites, after
Italy and
Spain.
Karst
Scenery
=============
The gumdrop mountains and steeply sloping forested hills with bizarre rock formations favored by traditional
Chinese artists are not creative fantasy. In fact, much of southern and southwestern China is covered in strangely eroded rock formations known as Karst. Karst is type of limestone formation named after an area in
Slovenia. As limestone layers erode, the denser rock or pockets of different stone resist erosion forming peaks.
Caves hollow out beneath the mountains which can collapse forming sinkholes and channels leading to underground rivers. At its most unusual Karst erodes to form mazes of pinnacles, arches and passageways. The most famous example can be found in the
Stone Forest (石林 Shílín) near
Kunming in
Yunnan. Some of the most famous tourist areas in China feature spectacular karst landscapes —
Guilin and
Yangshuo in
Guangxi, and much of central and western
Guizhou province.
Sacred sites
==========
Several sites in China have famous
Buddhist art:
Yungang Grottoes in
Shanxi Province - more than 51,
000 Buddhist carvings, dating back 1,
500 years, in the recesses and caves of the
Yangang Valley mountainsides
Mogao Caves in
Gansu province - art and manuscripts dating back to the
4th century
Dazu Rock Carvings near
Chongqing - dating from the 7-13th century
Longmen Grottoes near
Luoyang - 5-10th century
Mountains
========
The Five Great Mountains (五岳 wǔyuè), associated with Taoism:
Mount Tai (泰山),
Shandong Province (1,545 meters)
Mount
Hua (华山),
Shaanxi Province (2,
054 meters)
Mount Heng (
Hunan) (衡山),
Hunan Province (1,290 meters)
Mount Heng (
Shanxi) (恒山), Shanxi Province (2,017 meters)
Mount Song (嵩山),
Henan Province, where the famous
Shaolin Temple (
少林寺) is located (1,494 meters)
The Four Sacred Mountains (四大佛教名山 sìdà fójiào míngshān), associated with Buddhism:
Mount Emei (峨嵋山),
Sichuan Province (3,099 meters)
Mount Jiuhua (九华山),
Anhui Province (1,342 meters)
Mount Putuo (普陀山),
Zhejiang Province (297 meters, an island)
Mount Wutai (
五台山), Shanxi Province (3,058 meters)
The three main sacred mountains of
Tibetan Buddhism:
========
Mount Kailash,
Tibet (5,656 meters), also known as
Gang Rinpoche in
Tibetan, also one of Hinduism's holiest mountains visited by many
Hindu pilgrims
Kawa Karpo
Amnye Machen
Itineraries
=========
Some itineraries cover trips that are entirely within China:
Two weeks to a month in China
A week near Hong Kong
Along the
Yangtze river
Along the
Yellow river
Along the
Grand Canal
Yunnan tourist trail
Overland to Tibet
Long March
Others are partly in China:
====================
Europe to
South Asia over land
Silk Road - ancient caravan route from China to Europe
Karakoram Highway -
Western China to Pakistan through the Himalayas
On the trail of
Marco Polo
Overland Kunming to Hong Kong
- published: 09 Feb 2015
- views: 8819