Josip Broz TitoFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Marshal Josip Broz Tito 1st President of Yugoslavia In office 14 January 1953 -- 4 May 1980 Prime Minister Himself (1953--63) Petar Stambolić (1963--67) Mika Špiljak (1967--69) Mitja Ribičič (1969--71) Džemal Bijedić (1971--77) Veselin Đuranović (1977--80) Preceded by Ivan Ribar (as President of the Presidency of the People's Assembly) Succeeded by Lazar Koliševski (as President of the Presidency of SFR Yugoslavia) 22nd Prime Minister of Yugoslavia In office 2 November 1944 -- 29 June 1963 Monarch Peter II (1943--45) President Ivan Ribar (1945--53) Himself (1953--63) Preceded by Ivan Šubašić Succeeded by Petar Stambolić 1st Secretary-General of the Non-Aligned Movement In office 1 September 1961 -- 5 October 1964 Preceded by Position created Succeeded by Gamal Abdel Nasser 1st Federal Secretary of National Defense In office 7 March 1945 -- 14 January 1953 Prime Minister Himself Preceded by Position created Succeeded by Ivan Gošnjak 4th President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia In office March 1939 -- 4 May 1980 Preceded by Milan Gorkić Succeeded by Branko Mikulić Personal details Born (1892-05-07)7 May 1892[nb 1] Kumrovec, Croatia-Slavonia, Austria-Hungary (modern Croatia) Died 4 May 1980(1980-05-04) (aged 87) Ljubljana, SR Slovenia, SFR Yugoslavia Resting place House of Flowers 44°47′12″N 20°27′06″E / 44.78667°N 20.45167°E / 44.78667; 20.45167 Nationality Yugoslav[1] Political party League of Communists of Yugoslavia (SKJ) Spouse(s) Pelagija Broz (1919--1939), div. Herta Haas (1940--1943) Jovanka Broz (1952--1980) Domestic partner Davorjanka Paunović Children Zlatica Broz Hinko Broz Žarko Leon Broz Aleksandar Broz Occupation Machinist, revolutionary, resistance commander, statesman Religion None (Atheist)[2][3] (formerly Roman Catholic)[4] Ethnicity Croat[5][6][7] Signature Military service Allegiance Austria-Hungary Yugoslavia Service/branch Yugoslav People's Army All (supreme commander) Years of service 1913--1915 1941--1980 Rank Marshal Commands Partisans Yugoslav People's Army Battles/wars World War I Russian Civil War Spanish Civil War World War II Awards 98 international and 21 Yugoslav decorations, including Order of the Yugoslav Star Legion of Honour Order of the Bath Order of Lenin Order of Merit of Italy (short list below, full list in the article) Marshal Josip Broz Tito (born Josip Broz; Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [jɔ̌sip brɔ̂ːz tîtɔ]; Serbian Cyrillic: Јосип Броз Тито; 7 May 1892[nb 1] -- 4 May 1980) was the leader of the Yugoslav Partisans, Europe's most effective anti-Nazi resistance movement[8][9] and a Yugoslav revolutionary and statesman, serving in various roles from 1945 until his death in 1980.[10] While his presidency has been criticized as authoritarian,[11][12][13] Tito was "seen by most as a benevolent dictator"[14] due to his successful economic and diplomatic policies and was a popular public figure both in Yugoslavia and abroad.[15] Viewed as a unifying symbol,[16] his internal policies successfully maintained the peaceful coexistence of the nations of the Yugoslav federation. He gained international attention as the chief leader of the Non-Aligned Movement, working with Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and Sukarno of Indonesia.[17] He was General Secretary (later Chairman of the Presidium) of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1939--80), and went on to lead the World War II Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the Partisans (1941--45).[18] After the war, he was the Prime Minister (1943--63), President (later President for Life) (1953--80) of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). From 1943 to his death in 1980, he held the rank of Marshal of Yugoslavia, serving as the supreme commander of the Yugoslav military, the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). With a highly favourable reputation abroad in both Cold War blocs, Josip Broz Tito received some 98 foreign decorations, including the Legion of Honour and the Order of the Bath. Josip was born as the seventh child to Croat father Franjo Broz and Slovene mother Marija Javoršek in the village of Kumrovec in Croatia. Drafted into military service, he distinguished himself, becoming the youngest Sergeant Major in the Austro-Hungarian Army.[19] After being seriously wounded and captured by the Imperial Russians during World War I, Josip was sent to a work camp in the Ural Mountains. He participated in the October Revolution, and later joined a Red Guard unit in Omsk. Upon his return home, Broz found himself in the newly established Kingdom of Yugoslavia, where he joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ).

• published: 08 Oct 2013
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