Computer ROM (Read Only Memory) Explained ft. ROM Types MROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM [Hindi]

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Computer ROM (Read Only Memory) Explained Computer ROM Types MROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM [Hindi] HorizonTech4You - https://goo.gl/sI6Swo Facebook - https://goo.gl/BgRPWj Twitter - https://goo.gl/bTSYL9 Google+ - https://goo.gl/FqtJiC Subscribe - http://bit.ly/2fENGBl Computer Components - http://amzn.to/2hjNAEn Electronics - http://amzn.to/2g9RBWV Samsung SSD - http://amzn.to/2gFRVxK Other SSDs - http://amzn.to/2hoLwL6 SSHDs - http://amzn.to/2gkFVRk HDDs - http://amzn.to/2goixFu Intel CPUs - http://amzn.to/2hjYNEZ AMD CPUs - http://amzn.to/2horYCO RAM - http://amzn.to/2h7dmbk Motherboards - http://amzn.to/2geOe0S PSUs (SMPS) - http://amzn.to/2gFN8fD CPU coolers - http://amzn.to/2h054Vb ROM stands for Read Only Memory. The memory from which we can only read but cannot write on it. This type of memory is non-volatile. The information is stored permanently in such memories during manufacture. A ROM, stores such instructions that are required to start a computer. This operation is referred to as bootstrap. ROM chips are not only used in the computer but also in other electronic items like washing machine and microwave oven. Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM can only be modified slowly, with difficulty, or not at all, so it is mainly used to store firmware (software that is closely tied to specific hardware and unlikely to need frequent updates) or application software in plug-in cartridges. MROM (Masked ROM) The very first ROMs were hard-wired devices that contained a pre-programmed set of data or instructions. These kind of ROMs are known as masked ROMs which are inexpensive. PROM (Programmable Read only Memory) PROM is read-only memory that can be modified only once by a user. The user buys a blank PROM and enters the desired contents using a PROM program. Inside the PROM chip there are small fuses which are burnt open during programming. It can be programmed only once and is not erasable. EPROM(Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) The EPROM can be erased by exposing it to ultra-violet light for a duration of up to 40 minutes. Usually, an EPROM eraser achieves this function. During programming, an electrical charge is trapped in an insulated gate region. The charge is retained for more than ten years because the charge has no leakage path. For erasing this charge, ultra-violet light is passed through a quartz crystal window(lid). This exposure to ultra-violet light dissipates the charge. During normal use the quartz lid is sealed with a sticker. EEPROM(Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) The EEPROM is programmed and erased electrically. It can be erased and reprogrammed about ten thousand times. Both erasing and programming take about 4 to 10 ms (milli second). In EEPROM, any location can be selectively erased and programmed. EEPROMs can be erased one byte at a time, rather than erasing the entire chip. Hence, the process of re-programming is flexible but slow. Classic mask-programmed ROM chips are integrated circuits that physically encode the data to be stored, and thus it is impossible to change their contents after fabrication. Other types of non- volatile solid-state memory permit some degree of modification: Programmable read-only memory (PROM), or one-time programmable ROM (OTP), can be written to or programmed via a special device called a PROM programmer. Typically, this device uses high voltages to permanently destroy or create internal links (fuses or antifuses) within the chip. Consequently, a PROM can only be programmed once. Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) can be erased by exposure to strong ultraviolet light (typically for 10 minutes or longer), then rewritten with a process that again needs higher than usual voltage applied. Repeated exposure to UV light will eventually wear out an EPROM, but the endurance of most EPROM chips exceeds 1000 cycles of erasing and reprogramming. EPROM chip packages can often be identified by the prominent quartz "window" which allows UV light to enter. After programming, the window is typically covered with a label to prevent accidental erasure. Some EPROM chips are factory-erased before they are packaged, and include no window; these are effectively PROM. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) is based on a similar semiconductor structure to EPROM, but allows its entire contents (or selected banks) to be electrically erased, then rewritten electrically, so that they need not be removed from the computer (whether general-purpose or an embedded computer in a camera, MP3 player, etc.) Advantages of ROM The advantages of ROM are as follows: Non-volatile in nature These cannot be accidentally changed Cheaper than RAMs Easy to test More reliable than RAMs These are static and do not require refreshing Its contents are always known and can be verified

Computer ROM (Read Only Memory) Explained ft. ROM Types MROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM [Hindi]

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• published: 20 Jan 2017
• views: 481

Computer ROM (Read Only Memory) Explained Computer ROM Types MROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM [Hindi] HorizonTech4You - https://goo.gl/sI6Swo Facebook - https://goo.gl/BgRPWj Twitter - https://goo.gl/bTSYL9 Google+ - https://goo.gl/FqtJiC Subscribe - http://bit.ly/2fENGBl Computer Components - http://amzn.to/2hjNAEn Electronics - http://amzn.to/2g9RBWV Samsung SSD - http://amzn.to/2gFRVxK Other SSDs - http://amzn.to/2hoLwL6 SSHDs - http://amzn.to/2gkFVRk HDDs - http://amzn.to/2goixFu Intel CPUs - http://amzn.to/2hjYNEZ AMD CPUs - http://amzn.to/2horYCO RAM - http://amzn.to/2h7dmbk Motherboards - http://amzn.to/2geOe0S PSUs (SMPS) - http://amzn.to/2gFN8fD CPU coolers - http://amzn.to/2h054Vb ROM stands for Read Only Memory. The memory from which we can only read but cannot write on it. This type of memory is non-volatile. The information is stored permanently in such memories during manufacture. A ROM, stores such instructions that are required to start a computer. This operation is referred to as bootstrap. ROM chips are not only used in the computer but also in other electronic items like washing machine and microwave oven. Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM can only be modified slowly, with difficulty, or not at all, so it is mainly used to store firmware (software that is closely tied to specific hardware and unlikely to need frequent updates) or application software in plug-in cartridges. MROM (Masked ROM) The very first ROMs were hard-wired devices that contained a pre-programmed set of data or instructions. These kind of ROMs are known as masked ROMs which are inexpensive. PROM (Programmable Read only Memory) PROM is read-only memory that can be modified only once by a user. The user buys a blank PROM and enters the desired contents using a PROM program. Inside the PROM chip there are small fuses which are burnt open during programming. It can be programmed only once and is not erasable. EPROM(Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) The EPROM can be erased by exposing it to ultra-violet light for a duration of up to 40 minutes. Usually, an EPROM eraser achieves this function. During programming, an electrical charge is trapped in an insulated gate region. The charge is retained for more than ten years because the charge has no leakage path. For erasing this charge, ultra-violet light is passed through a quartz crystal window(lid). This exposure to ultra-violet light dissipates the charge. During normal use the quartz lid is sealed with a sticker. EEPROM(Electrically Erasable and Programmable Read Only Memory) The EEPROM is programmed and erased electrically. It can be erased and reprogrammed about ten thousand times. Both erasing and programming take about 4 to 10 ms (milli second). In EEPROM, any location can be selectively erased and programmed. EEPROMs can be erased one byte at a time, rather than erasing the entire chip. Hence, the process of re-programming is flexible but slow. Classic mask-programmed ROM chips are integrated circuits that physically encode the data to be stored, and thus it is impossible to change their contents after fabrication. Other types of non- volatile solid-state memory permit some degree of modification: Programmable read-only memory (PROM), or one-time programmable ROM (OTP), can be written to or programmed via a special device called a PROM programmer. Typically, this device uses high voltages to permanently destroy or create internal links (fuses or antifuses) within the chip. Consequently, a PROM can only be programmed once. Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) can be erased by exposure to strong ultraviolet light (typically for 10 minutes or longer), then rewritten with a process that again needs higher than usual voltage applied. Repeated exposure to UV light will eventually wear out an EPROM, but the endurance of most EPROM chips exceeds 1000 cycles of erasing and reprogramming. EPROM chip packages can often be identified by the prominent quartz "window" which allows UV light to enter. After programming, the window is typically covered with a label to prevent accidental erasure. Some EPROM chips are factory-erased before they are packaged, and include no window; these are effectively PROM. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) is based on a similar semiconductor structure to EPROM, but allows its entire contents (or selected banks) to be electrically erased, then rewritten electrically, so that they need not be removed from the computer (whether general-purpose or an embedded computer in a camera, MP3 player, etc.) Advantages of ROM The advantages of ROM are as follows: Non-volatile in nature These cannot be accidentally changed Cheaper than RAMs Easy to test More reliable than RAMs These are static and do not require refreshing Its contents are always known and can be verified