Most Amazing Open-pit Mines in The World (diamonds, gold, silver, copper...) [igeoNews]
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The
Bingham Canyon Mine, also known as the
Kennecott Copper Mine, is an open-pit mining operation extracting a large porphyry copper deposit southwest of
Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, in the
Oquirrh Mountains. The mine is owned by
Rio Tinto Group, an international mining and exploration company headquartered in the
United Kingdom. The copper operations at Bingham Canyon Mine are managed through
Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation which operates the mine, a concentrator plant, a smelter, and a refinery. The mine has been in production since
1906, and has resulted in the creation of a pit over 0.6 miles (0.97 km) deep, 2.5 miles (4 km) wide, and covering 1,900 acres (770 ha). It was designated a
National Historic Landmark in 1966 under the name
Bingham Canyon Open Pit
Copper Mine. The mine experienced a massive landslide in April of
2013 and a smaller slide in September of 2013.
Udachnaya was discovered on June 15,
1955, just two days after the discovery of the diamond pipe Mir by
Soviet geologist
Vladimir Shchukin and his team. It is more than
600 metres (1,970 ft) deep, making it the third deepest open-pit mine in the world (after Bingham Canyon Mine and
Chuquicamata).
The nearby settlement of
Udachny is named for the deposit.
As of 2010,
Udachnaya pipe is controlled by
Russian diamond company
Alrosa, which planned to halt open-pit mining in favor of underground mining in 2010.
The mine has estimated reserves of 225.8 million carats of diamonds and an annual production capacity of
10.4 million carats
Chuquicamata, or "Chuqui" as it is more familiarly known, is by excavated volume the biggest open pit copper mine in the world, located in the north of
Chile, just outside of Calama, 215 km northeast of
Antofagasta and 1,240 km north of the capital,
Santiago. The mine is owned and operated by Codelco, a
Chilean state enterprise, since the
Chilean nationalization of copper in the late
1960s and early
1970s. Its depth of 850 metres (2,790 ft) makes it the second deepest open-pit mine in the world (after Bingham Canyon Mine in
Utah,
USA).
The
Diavik Diamond Mine is a diamond mine in the
North Slave Region of the
Northwest Territories, Canada, about
300 kilometres (190 mi) north of
Yellowknife. It has become an important part of the regional economy, employing 700, grossing
C$100 million in sales, and producing approximately 7.5 million carats (1,
500 kg (3,300 lb)) of diamonds annually.[2] The area was surveyed in
1992 and construction began in
2001, with production commencing in
January 2003. It is connected by an ice road and
Diavik Airport with a 5,235 ft (1,
596 m) gravel runway regularly accommodating
Boeing 737 jet aircraft.
The
Grasberg Mine is the largest gold mine and the third largest copper mine in the world. It is located in the province of
Papua in
Indonesia near
Puncak Jaya, the highest mountain in Papua, and it has 19,500 employees. It is majority owned through a subsidiary by Freeport-McMoRan, which owns 90.64% of PT
Freeport Indonesia, the principal operating subsidiary in Indonesia, including 9.36% owned through its wholly owned subsidiary, PT Indocopper Investama.
The Government of Indonesia owns the remaining 9.36% of PT Freeport Indonesia.
FCX operates under an agreement with the
Government of Indonesia, which allows Freeport to conduct exploration, mining and production activities in a 24,700-acre area (
Block A). It also conducts exploration activities in an approximate 500,000-acre area (
Block B). All of Freeport's proven and probable mineral reserves and current mining operations are located in Block A. The
2006 production was
610,800 tonnes of copper; 58,474,
392 grams of gold; and 174,458,971 grams of silver.
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