- published: 19 Sep 2013
- views: 163122
While business refers to the value-creating activities of an organization for profit, commerce means the whole system of an economy that constitutes an environment for business. The system includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural, and technological systems that are in operation in any country. Thus, commerce is a system or an environment that affects the business prospects of an economy or a nation-state. We can also define it as a second component of business which includes all activities, functions and institutions involved in transferring goods from producers to consumer.
Some commentators trace the origins of commerce to the very start of communication in prehistoric times. Apart from traditional self-sufficiency, trading became a principal facility of prehistoric people, who bartered what they had for goods and services from each other. Historian Peter Watson dates the history of long-distance commerce from circa 150,000 years ago.
In historic times, the introduction of currency as a standardized money facilitated a wider exchange of goods and services. Numismatists have collections of these monetary tokens, which include coins from some Ancient World large-scale societies, although initial usage involved unmarked lumps of precious metal. The circulation of a standardized currency provides the major disadvantage to commerce of overcoming the "double coincidence of wants" necessary for barter trades to occur. For example, if a man who makes pots for a living needs a new house, he may wish to hire someone to build it for him. But he cannot make an equivalent number of pots to equal this service done for him, because even if the builder could build the house, the builder might not want the pots. Currency solved this problem by allowing a society as a whole to assign values and thus to collect goods and services effectively and to store them for later use, or to split them among several providers.
Actors: Robert Rietty (actor), Anthony Hopkins (actor), Tim Pigott-Smith (actor), Roland Culver (actor), David Suchet (actor), Robert Powell (actor), James Payne (actor), Timothy Bateson (actor), David Kelly (actor), Harry Fielder (actor), John Gielgud (actor), Nigel Hawthorne (actor), Derek Jacobi (actor), Lesley-Anne Down (actress), Rosalie Crutchley (actress),
Plot: Quasimodo, the hunchback bellringer of Notre Dame's cathedral meets a beautiful gypsy dancer, Esmeralda, and falls in love with her. So does Quasimodo's guardian, the archdeacon of the cathedral, and a poor street poet. But Esmeralda's in love with a handsome soldier. But when a mob mistakes her for a witch, it's up to Quasimodo to rescue her and claim sanctuary for her in the cathedral.
Keywords: 1400s, 15th-century, abandoned-baby, ambition, archbishop, attempted-kidnapping, attempted-murder, attempted-rape, based-on-novel, bellActors: Frank Losee (actor), Thomas Meighan (actor), Eddie Sturgis (actor), Charles Wellesley (actor), Pauline Frederick (actress), Elsie MacLeod (actress), Eve Unsell (writer), Robert G. Vignola (director), Adolph Zukor (miscellaneous crew), Marcia Harris (actress), Isabel O'Madigan (actress), George V. Hobart (writer), Grace Barton (actress), Ina Rorke (actress), J.K. Murray (actor),
Genres: Drama,