Shipyards | Where The Extraordinary Take Shape | World Documentary Films
Shipyards | Where
The Extraordinary Take
Shape |
World Documentary Films
Shipyards and dockyards are places where ships are repaired and built. These can be yachts, military vessels, cruise liners or other cargo or passenger ships. Dockyards are sometimes more associated with maintenance and basing activities than shipyards, which are sometimes associated more with initial construction. The terms are routinely used interchangeably, in part because the evolution of dockyards and shipyards has often caused them to change or merge roles.
Countries with large shipbuilding industries include
Singapore,
South Korea,
Australia,
Japan,
China,
Germany,
Turkey,
Poland and
Croatia. The shipbuilding industry tends to be more fragmented in
Europe than in
Asia. In
European countries there are a greater number of small companies, compared to the fewer, larger companies in the shipbuilding countries of Asia.
Most shipbuilders in the
United States are privately owned, the largest being
Huntington Ingalls Industries, a multi-billion dollar defense contractor, and the oldest family owned shipyard being
Colonna's
Shipyard in
Norfolk, VA. The publicly owned shipyards in the US are Naval facilities providing basing, support and repair.
Shipyards are constructed nearby the sea or tidal rivers to allow easy access for their ships
. In the United Kingdom, for example, shipyards were established on the
River Thames (
King Henry VIII founded yards at
Woolwich and
Deptford in 1512 and 1513 respectively),
River Mersey,
River Tees,
River Tyne,
River Wear and
River Clyde – the latter growing to be the World's pre-eminent shipbuilding centre.
Sir Alfred Yarrow established his yard by the
Thames in
London's Docklands in the late
19th century before moving it northwards to the banks of the
Clyde at
Scotstoun (
1906–08). Other famous UK shipyards include the
Harland and Wolff yard in
Belfast, Northern Ireland, where the
Titanic was built, and the naval dockyard at
Chatham, England on the
Medway in north
Kent.
The site of a large shipyard will contain many specialised cranes, dry docks, slipways, dust-free warehouses, painting facilities and extremely large areas for fabrication of the ships.
After a ship's useful life is over, it makes its final voyage to a shipbreaking yard, often on a beach in
South Asia. Historically shipbreaking was carried on in drydock in developed countries, but high wages and environmental regulations have resulted in movement of the industry to developing regions.
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