The inner city is the central area of a major city or metropolis. In the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Ireland, the term is often a euphemism – an increasingly inaccurate one – applied to the lower-income residential districts in the city centre and nearby areas. In the United States, the term has the additional connotation of impoverished Black and/or Hispanic neighborhoods. Sociologists in these countries sometimes turn this euphemism into a formal designation, applying the term inner city to such residential areas rather than to geographically more central commercial districts.[citation needed]
However, the euphemism is increasingly inaccurate and irrelevant as inner city areas of American cities have undergone gentrification especially since the 1990s.
Such connotations are less common in other countries, where deprived areas may be located in outlying parts of cities. For instance, in many European cities, the inner city is the most prosperous part of the metropolis, where housing is expensive and where elites and high-income individuals dwell. Poverty and crime are more associated with the distant suburbs. The Spanish, French and Swedish words for suburb (suburbio, banlieue and förort respectively) often have a negative connotation similar to that of the English term inner city, especially when used in the plural.