Rome today is one of the most important tourist destinations of the world, due to the incalculable immensity of its archaeological and artistic treasures, as well as for the charm of its unique traditions, the beauty of its panoramic views, and the majesty of its magnificent "villas" (parks). Among the most significant resources are the many museums -- (
Musei Capitolini, the
Vatican Museums,
Galleria Borghese, including those dedicated to modern and contemporary art and great many others) -- aqueducts, fountains, churches, palaces, historical buildings, the monuments and ruins of the
Roman Forum, and the
Catacombs. Rome is the 3rd most visited city in the EU, after
London and
Paris, and receives an average of 7--10 million tourists a year, which sometimes doubles on holy years.
The Colosseum (4 million tourists) and the Vatican Museums (4.2 million tourists) are the
39th and 37th (respectively) most visited places in the world, according to a recent study.
Rome is a major archaeological hub, and one of the world's main centres of archaeological research. There are numerous cultural and research institutes located in the city, such as the
American Academy in Rome, and The
Swedish Institute at Rome, to name a few. Rome contains numerous ancient sites, including the
Forum Romanum,
Trajan's Market,
Trajan's Forum, the
Colosseum, and the
Pantheon, to name but a few. The Colosseum, arguably one of Rome's most iconic archaeological sites, is regarded as a wonder of the world.
Rome contains a vast and impressive collection of art, sculpture, fountains, mosaics, frescos, and paintings, from all different periods. Rome first became a major artistic centre during ancient Rome, with forms of important
Roman art such as architecture, painting, sculpture and mosaic work. Metal-work, coin die and gem engraving, ivory carvings, figurine glass, pottery, and book illustrations are considered to be 'minor' forms of Roman artwork. Rome later became a major centre of
Renaissance art, since the popes spent vast sums of money for the constructions of grandiose basilicas, palaces, piazzas and public buildings in general. Rome became one of
Europe's major centres of
Renaissance artwork, second only to
Florence, and able to compare to other major cities and cultural centres, such as Paris and
Venice. The city was affected greatly by the baroque, and Rome became the home of numerous artists and architects, such as
Bernini,
Caravaggio, Carracci,
Borromini and
Cortona, to name a few
. In the late
18th century and early
19th century, the city was one of the centres of the
Grand Tour, when wealthy, young
English and other
European aristocrats visited the city to learn about ancient
Roman culture, art, philosophy and architecture. Rome hosted a great number of neoclassical and rococo artists, such as Pannini and
Bernardo Bellotto.
Today, the city is a major artistic centre, with numerous art institutes[99] and museums.
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- published: 12 Nov 2013
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