Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born in Karachi on December 25, 1876. His father Jinnah Poonja was an Ismaili Khoja of Kathiawar, a prosperous business community. Muhammad Ali received his early education at the Sindh Madrasa and later at the Mission School, Karachi. He went to England for further studies in 1892 at the age of 16. In 1896, Jinnah qualified for the Bar and was called to the Bar in 1897. Muhammad Ali Jinnah started his political career in 1906 when he attended the Calcutta session of the All India National Congress in the capacity of Private Secretary to the President of the Congress. In 1910, he was elected to the Imperial Legislative Council. He sponsored the Waqf Validating Bill, which brought him in touch with other Muslim leaders. In March 1913, Jinnah joined the All India Muslim League. As a member of the Muslim League, Jinnah began to work for Hindu-Muslim unity. In 1917, the annual sessions of both the Congress and the League were held at Lucknow. The League session was presided over by Muhammad Ali Jinnah. It marked the culmination of his efforts towards Hindu-Muslim unity. Here, both the League and the Congress adopted a scheme of reforms known as the Lucknow Pact. On April 19, 1918, Jinnah married Rutanbai. Their daughter, Dina was born a year later. In 1919, Jinnah resigned from his membership of the Imperial Legislative Council as protest against the "Rowlatt Act". Until the publication of Nehru Report, Jinnah continued his efforts for Hindu-Muslim unity. The Nehru Report, published in 1928, was severely criticized by all sections of the Muslim community. In December 1928, the National Convention was called to consider the Report. Jinnah proposed some amendments, but they were all rejected. He finally parted ways with the Congress. In 1929, Jinnah presented his famous Fourteen Points in response to the Nehru Report. When he returned from England, he reorganized the Muslim League. In 1934, he was elected as its permanent president. The Provincial Assembly elections of 1937 swept the Congress to power in eight provinces. After almost two years of oppressive rule, Muslims under the leadership of Jinnah, celebrated the Day of Deliverance at the end of Congress rule. The Muslim League held its annual session at Lahore in March 1940. This was presided over by Quaid-i-Azam. The demand for Pakistan was formally put forward here. This goal was realized on August 14, 1947. Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was appointed as its first Governor General. The establishment of Pakistan brought even greater responsibilities for Jinnah. The refugee problem, the withholding of Pakistani assets by India, and the Kashmir problem were a real test for the Quaid. However, his indomitable will prevailed. He worked out a sound economic policy, established an independent currency and the State Bank for Pakistan. He chose Karachi as the federal capital. However, he did not live long to witness the progress of the state that he had founded. On September 11, 1948, he died after a protracted illness at Karachi. He was buried in Karachi that witnessed the entire nation mourning over an irreparable loss. Additional Tags: Quaid e Azam, Fatima Jinnah, Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Liaquat Ali Khan, Lord Mountbatten, British Rule, Great Leader, Sub-continent, Sir Stafford Cripps, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Vicroy of India, Indian Nation Congress, All India Muslim league, Lord Wavell, Simla Deputation, Cabinet Mission, Cripps Proposal, Partition of India, Last viceroy of India, 14 August 1947, Independence day of Pakistan, Inauguration of Pakistan, Funeral, death, education, Lahore Resolution, 15 August 1947, Guard of Honour, oath Taking, 11 September 1948, 25th December 1876, Governor General, Services chiefs, Chief Justice, Prime Minister, Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar, Malik Ghulam Muhammad, Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar,Making of Pakistan, Ghazanfar Ali Khan, Quaid i Azam Zinadabad, Great Leader, British Raj, Leader of the Muslim League, Founding of Pakistan, Governor-General, Balochistan, punjab, Sindh, khyber pakhtunkhwa, NWFP, West Punjab, Indian National Congress, 20th century, Nehru Report, Round Table Conferences, Dina Jinnah, East Pakistan, Bengal, Khilafat Movement, 14 points of Mr. Jinnah, Simon Commission, FATA, Lincoln's Inn, Karachi, Bombay Presidency, mausoleum, Jinnah's vision for Pakistan, Royal, Pakistan Army, Pakistan Navy, Pakistan Air Force, Eid Prayers, Kashmir, Karachi, Lahore, Mahajir, Quaid i Azam, united Nations, Maharaja Hari Singh, Quaid's 72nd Birthday, Father of the Nation, Sind Madressah-tul-Islam, Church Mission School, State Bank of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Junnah, father of the Nation, Daughter of Quad e Azam, Dina, Rare documentary, Quaid's Residency Ziarat, maulana shabbir ahmad usmani, lawyer, politician, statesman, Early Life, the legend

• published: 11 Sep 2011
• views: 24124