- published: 12 Feb 2015
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Østfold (help·info) is a county in southeastern Norway, bordering Akershus and southwestern Sweden (Västra Götaland County and Värmland), while Buskerud and Vestfold is on the other side of the bay. The county's administrative seat is Sarpsborg, and Fredrikstad is the largest city.
Many manufacturing facilities are situated here. Moss (Moss Verft) and Fredrikstad have shipyards. There are granite mines in Østfold and granite stone from these was used by Gustav Vigeland.
The county slogan is "The heartland of Scandinavia". The local dialect is characterized by the geographical proximity to Sweden.
The old name of the Oslofjord was Fold; Østfold means 'the region east of the Fold' (see also Vestfold). The name was first recorded in 1543; in the Middle Ages the name of the county was Borgarsysla 'the county/sýsla of the city Borg (now Sarpsborg)'. Later, when Norway was under Danish rule, the Danish king divided the area into many baronies. These were merged into one county (amt) in 1662 - and it was then named Smaalenenes Amt 'the amt consisting of small len'. The name was changed back to Østfold in 1919.