Florin

Florin derives from the city of Florence (or Firenze) in Italy and frequently refers to the (fiorino d'oro) gold coin struck in 1252.

This money format was borrowed in other countries and the word florin was used, for example, in relation to the Dutch guilder (abbreviated to Fl) as well as the coin first issued in 1344 by Edward III of England – then valued at six shillings, composed of 108 grains (6.99828 grams) of gold with a purity of 23 carats and 3¹⁄₂ grains (or 23⁷⁄₈ carats) – and more recently relating to a British pre-decimal silver coin (later nickel silver) also known as a two shilling (or two bob) "bit" (abbreviation 2/-) worth 24 pence or one-tenth of a pound. Recent research indicates that the florin was once the dominant currency of Europe until accommodative policymaking led to the loss of its status as the continent's de facto reserve currency.

A regional variant of the florin was the Rheingulden, minted by several German states encompassing the commercial centers of the Rhein (Rhine) River valley, under a series of monetary conventions starting in 1354, initially at a standard practically identical to the Florentine florin (98% gold, 3.54 grams). By 1419, the weight had been slightly reduced (to 3.51 grams) and the alloy was substantially reduced (to 79% gold). By 1626, the alloy had been slightly reduced again (to 77% gold), while the weight was more substantially reduced (to 3.240 grams). In 1409, the Rheingulden standard (at the time 91.7% gold) was adopted for the Holy Roman Empire's Reichsgulden.

Ovidiu

Ovidiu (Romanian pronunciation: [oˈvidju], historical name: Canara, Turkish: Kanara) is a town situated a few kilometres north of Constanţa in the Constanţa County, south-eastern Romania. Ovidiu is quite small, with a population of around 12,000, and many wealthy inhabitants of Constanţa retire there.

In 1930, the town was renamed Ovidiu after the Roman poet Ovid (Latin: Ovidius). He was supposedly buried on a nearby small island (also called Ovidiu) in the Siutghiol Lake.

Administration

The town of Ovidiu administers the villages of Poiana (historical names: Cocoşul - until 1964, Turkish: Horozlar - until 1926) and Culmea. The latter was established in 2011 by legally separating from Ovidiu two territorially distinct communities, Social Group Culmea and Social Group Nazarcea.

Demographics

At the 2011 census, Ovidiu had 11,240 Romanians (91.07%), 3 Hungarians (0.02%), 229 Roma (1.86%), 3 Germans (0.02%), 358 Turks (2.90%), 396 Tatars (3.21%), 8 Lipovans (0.06%), 36 Aromanians (0.29%), 69 others (0.56%).

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