- published: 04 Feb 2014
- views: 13141
The ventral nerve cord makes up the nervous system of some phyla of the invertebrates, particularly within the nematodes, annelids and the arthropods. It usually consists of cerebral ganglia anteriorly with the nerve cords running down the ventral ("belly", as opposed to back) plane of the organism.
Ventral nerve cords from anterior to posterior (the thoracic and abdominal tagma in the arthropods) are made up of segmented ganglia that are connected by a tract of nerve fibers passing from one side to the other of the nerve cord called commissures . The complete system bears some likeness to a rope ladder. In some animals the bilateral ganglia are fused into a single large ganglion per segment. .
Nerve cord may refer to the following structures:
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS). The spinal cord begins at the occipital bone and extends down to the space between the first and second lumbar vertebrae; it does not extend the entire length of the vertebral column. It is around 45 cm (18 in) in men and around 43 cm (17 in) long in women. Also, the spinal cord has a varying width, ranging from 13 mm (1⁄2 in) thick in the cervical and lumbar regions to 6.4 mm (1⁄4 in) thick in the thoracic area. The enclosing bony vertebral column protects the relatively shorter spinal cord. The spinal cord functions primarily in the transmission of neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body but also contains neural circuits that can independently control numerous reflexes and central pattern generators. The spinal cord has three major functions: as a conduit for motor information, which travels down the spinal cord, as a conduit for sensory information in the reverse direction, and finally as a center for coordinating certain reflexes.
New York is a state in the Northeastern United States and is the United States' 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border in the Atlantic Ocean with Rhode Island, east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the north and Ontario to the west and north. The state of New York, with an estimated 19.8 million residents in 2015, is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City, the state's most populous city and its economic hub.
With an estimated population of nearly 8.5 million in 2014, New York City is the most populous city in the United States and the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. The New York City Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City is a global city, exerting a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment, its fast pace defining the term New York minute. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York City is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural and financial capital of the world, as well as the world's most economically powerful city. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State. Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% live on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th century Duke of York, future King James II of England. The next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany.
dubstep remix forthcoming
This video (taken by Katie Stavoe) shows the dissection necessary to expose the ventral nerve cord of the fly (like the human spinal cord). This is necessary before recording electrical signals from the nerve cord. Check out http://nros415.com for more videos.
http://www.anatomyzone.com 3D anatomy tutorial on the external anatomy of the spinal cord using the BioDigital Human (http://www.biodigitalhuman.com). Structures discussed in this video include: - vertebral column - intervertebral foramina - conus medullaris - filum terminale - cauda equina - spinal nerves - dorsal root - dorsal root ganglion - ventral root - afferent and efferent neurones - dorsal and ventral rami Join the Facebook page for updates: http://www.facebook.com/anatomyzone Follow me on twitter: http://www.twitter.com/anatomyzone Subscribe to the channel for more videos and updates: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=theanatomyzone
Animation is derived from Primal Anatomy & Physiology Online Course. You may purchase the course at http://primalonlinelearning.com/ Neurulation is the stage of development where the neural plate forms the neural tube. The events that occur during neurulation mark the beginning of the formation of the central nervous system. The first event in neurulation is the formation of a thickened area of cells, called the neural plate. Approximately 19 days after fertilization, the notochord induces the ectodermal cells lying just cranial to the primitive node to differentiate into columnar neuroepithelial cells, in a process called neural induction. The neural plate forms at the cranial end of the embryo, and grows in a cranial to caudal direction. The cranial end of the neural plate indica...
This video lecture is about the nervous system of Prawn. Prawn has well developed nervous system having supraoesophageal ganglia as brain, ventral thoracic mass and double origin ventral Nerve Cord as Central Nervous System. Nerves arise from the brain, ventral thoracic mass and ventral nerve cord and supply to various appendages and other body parts...
Video shows what nerve cord means. A dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate.. Nerve cord Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say nerve cord. Made with MaryTTS and Wiktionary
In my 2-Minute Neuroscience videos I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this video, I cover the spinal cord in cross-section. I discuss how the spinal cord is composed of grey and white matter. The grey matter is divided into 3 regions: the posterior horn, anterior horn, and intermediate grey matter. The white matter is divided into the posterior, anterior, and lateral funiculi. I describe all of these subdivisions and the functions they are primarily involved in. For more neuroscience articles, videos, and a complete neuroscience glossary, check out my website at www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com! TRANSCRIPT: Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discus...
Paul C. McCormick, M.D., MPH Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York Abstract: Ventral thoracic spinal cord herniation is a rare but increasingly recognized cause of progressive myelopathy. This video demonstrates the imaging characteristics and surgical techniques for release and reduction of the spinal cord herniation as well as primary repair and reinforcement of the ventral dural hernia defect through an extended posterior approach. An instrumented fusion was concomitantly performed. Paul C. McCormick, M.D., MPH, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York. Email: pcm6@columbia.edu.
dubstep remix forthcoming
This video (taken by Katie Stavoe) shows the dissection necessary to expose the ventral nerve cord of the fly (like the human spinal cord). This is necessary before recording electrical signals from the nerve cord. Check out http://nros415.com for more videos.
http://www.anatomyzone.com 3D anatomy tutorial on the external anatomy of the spinal cord using the BioDigital Human (http://www.biodigitalhuman.com). Structures discussed in this video include: - vertebral column - intervertebral foramina - conus medullaris - filum terminale - cauda equina - spinal nerves - dorsal root - dorsal root ganglion - ventral root - afferent and efferent neurones - dorsal and ventral rami Join the Facebook page for updates: http://www.facebook.com/anatomyzone Follow me on twitter: http://www.twitter.com/anatomyzone Subscribe to the channel for more videos and updates: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=theanatomyzone
Animation is derived from Primal Anatomy & Physiology Online Course. You may purchase the course at http://primalonlinelearning.com/ Neurulation is the stage of development where the neural plate forms the neural tube. The events that occur during neurulation mark the beginning of the formation of the central nervous system. The first event in neurulation is the formation of a thickened area of cells, called the neural plate. Approximately 19 days after fertilization, the notochord induces the ectodermal cells lying just cranial to the primitive node to differentiate into columnar neuroepithelial cells, in a process called neural induction. The neural plate forms at the cranial end of the embryo, and grows in a cranial to caudal direction. The cranial end of the neural plate indica...
This video lecture is about the nervous system of Prawn. Prawn has well developed nervous system having supraoesophageal ganglia as brain, ventral thoracic mass and double origin ventral Nerve Cord as Central Nervous System. Nerves arise from the brain, ventral thoracic mass and ventral nerve cord and supply to various appendages and other body parts...
Video shows what nerve cord means. A dorsal tubular cord of nervous tissue above the notochord of a chordate.. Nerve cord Meaning. How to pronounce, definition audio dictionary. How to say nerve cord. Made with MaryTTS and Wiktionary
In my 2-Minute Neuroscience videos I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this video, I cover the spinal cord in cross-section. I discuss how the spinal cord is composed of grey and white matter. The grey matter is divided into 3 regions: the posterior horn, anterior horn, and intermediate grey matter. The white matter is divided into the posterior, anterior, and lateral funiculi. I describe all of these subdivisions and the functions they are primarily involved in. For more neuroscience articles, videos, and a complete neuroscience glossary, check out my website at www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com! TRANSCRIPT: Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discus...
Paul C. McCormick, M.D., MPH Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York Abstract: Ventral thoracic spinal cord herniation is a rare but increasingly recognized cause of progressive myelopathy. This video demonstrates the imaging characteristics and surgical techniques for release and reduction of the spinal cord herniation as well as primary repair and reinforcement of the ventral dural hernia defect through an extended posterior approach. An instrumented fusion was concomitantly performed. Paul C. McCormick, M.D., MPH, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York. Email: pcm6@columbia.edu.
In Part 1 of Professor Fink's 2-Part Series on the Spinal Cord, he reviews the anatomy of the Spinal Cord and the functional organization at each segmental level. Professor Fink describes the horizontal flow of sensory information into the Spinal Cord and the flow of motor commands out of the Spinal Cord. Reference is made to Gray Matter, White Matter, Spinal Nerves, Dorsal Root Ganglion, Ventral Root, Commissures, decussation, Somatic Reflexes, Dorsal (Posterior) Gray Horn, Ventral (Anterior) Gray Horn, Lateral Gray Horn. PART 2 of this video covering Spinal Tracts [incl. Spinothalamic Tract, Corticospinal (Pyramidal) Tract and Extrapyramidal Tracts] is at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tiYvm7T-Fs0 Check-out professor fink's web-site or additional resources in Biology, Anatomy, Phys...
What is the Autonomic Nervous System? What is the Sympathetic nervous system or the Sympathetic division of the Autonomic Nervous System? Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division originate in the intermediolateral horn of the thoracic (T1 to T12) and upper lumbar (L1 to L3) spinal cord. The preganglionic axons exit the spinal cord in the ventral nerve roots. Immediately after the ventral and dorsal roots merge to form the spinal nerve, the sympathetic axons leave the spinal nerve via the white ramus and enter the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia. The paravertebral ganglia form an interconnected chain located on either side of the vertebral column. These ganglia extend above and below the thoracic and lumbar spinal levels, where preganglionic fibers emerge, to provide postganglio...
Stephen Porges comes to Bulletproof Radio to share his pioneering research on the vagus nerve, how the cues it receives play a major role in stress, social behavior and the nervous system and some tips on how to improve its response. Dr. Porges is a Distinguished University Scientist at Indiana University where he directs the Trauma Research Center in the Kinsey Institute. He is Professor of Psychiatry at the University of North Carolina, Professor Emeritus at the University of Illinois at Chicago, where he directed the Brain-Body Center in the Department of Psychiatry, and Professor Emeritus at the University of Maryland, where he chaired the Department of Human Development and directed the Institute for Child Study. In 1994 he proposed the Polyvagal Theory, a theory that links the evol...
Watch 700+ videos at https://www.DrNajeebLectures.com
Spinothalamic Tract - Ascending Tracts Pathways - Neuroanatomy - Neuroscience. Watch 700+ videos at https://www.DrNajeebLectures.com In this video about Spinothalamic Tract you will learn in detail about: Read our article on Ascending tracts at https://www.drnajeeblectures.com/spinothalamic-tract/ What is Tract? What is Grey Matter? What is White matter? Types of tracts How Central Nervous System (CNS) does work? About spinal cord Dorsal column tract/system First order neurons of dorsal column Second order neurons of dorsal column Internal arcuate fibers Medial lemniscus Fasciculus vs. lemniscus Thalamus Internal capsule Third order neuron of dorsal column Anterolateral system Pain and temperature pathway Fast pain Vs. Slow pain First order neuron of pain pathway Dorsolateral tract of Li...
Removing the brain,heart,eye,digestive system organs from a fish.
This video is part of a playlist of videos on the internal structure of the brain stem. The playlist uses simplified sketches that are gradually drawn for the purpose of description. In this video, internal structure at the following section levels is described: Level of inferior colliculus Level of superior colliculus Level of lower pons Level of open medulla Spinal cord For each fiber tract the location, function, origin and destination are summarized. Each nucleus is identified in terms of location, function and connections. Thus the session correlates anatomical structures seen in the midbrain with those of the pons, medulla oblongata and spinal cord. For this purpose a section of the spinal cord has also been added. After completion of this video session, it is expected that you wi...
Useful for CBSE, ICSE, NCERT & International Students Grade : 11 Subject: BIOLOGY Lesson: Structural Organisation in Animals Topic:.Frog Nervous System and Sense Organs The frog has a highly developed nervous system that consists of a brain, spinal cord and nerves. Many parts of the frog's brain match up with those of humans. The eyes of most frogs are located on either side of the head near the top and project outwards as hemispherical bulges. Frogs can hear both in the air and below water Visit www.oztern.com to find personalized test preparation solutions for Pre Medical - AIPMT, AIIMS, JIPMER, State, Pre Engineering - IIT JEE, JEE MAIN, BITSAT, State and Foundations - Class 6 to 10.
This is a long (sorry) video that details the anatomical and neuroanatomical pathways related to the 5th cranial nerve, the trigeminal nerve. From the sensory and motor branches to the trigeminal nuclei of the brainstem, this video will hopefully clear up confusion on their pathways and functions. Good luck!