The Canton of Zurich (German: Kanton Zürich (help·info)) has a population (as of 31 December 2011) of 1,390,124. The canton is located in the northeast of Switzerland and the city of Zurich is its capital. The official language is German, but people speak the local Swiss German dialect called Züritüütsch. In English the name of the canton is often written without an umlaut.
The canton of Zurich consists of lands acquired by the capital Zurich after it became reichsfrei in 1218, especially after the revolution of the guilds in 1336. Zurich joined the Swiss Confederacy in 1351. The lower part of the canton was added to the territories of Zurich in 1362. Zurich claimed and lost the Toggenburg in the Old Zurich War of the 1440s. The northern parts up to the river Rhine came to the canton after the city of Zurich purchased Winterthur from the Habsburgs in 1468. Possessions to the west gained independence from Zurich as parts of the Canton of Aargau in 1803. The people approved a new constitution for the canton in February 2005, replacing the 1869 constitution. The new constitution took effect in January 2006.