AMBER

AMBER (an acronym for Assisted Model Building with Energy Refinement) is a family of force fields for molecular dynamics of biomolecules originally developed by Peter Kollman's group at the University of California, San Francisco. AMBER is also the name for the molecular dynamics software package that simulates these force fields. It is maintained by an active collaboration between David Case at Rutgers University, Tom Cheatham at the University of Utah, Tom Darden at NIEHS, Ken Merz at Michigan State University, Carlos Simmerling at Stony Brook University, Ray Luo at UC Irvine, and Junmei Wang at Encysive Pharmaceuticals.

Force field

The term "AMBER force field" generally refers to the functional form used by the family of AMBER force fields. This form includes a number of parameters; each member of the family of AMBER force fields provides values for these parameters and has its own name.

Functional form

The functional form of the AMBER force field is

Note that despite the term force field, this equation defines the potential energy of the system; the force is the derivative of this potential with respect to position.

Waigeo language

Waigeo, also known as Ambel (Amber), is a heavily Papuan-influenced Austronesian language spoken in West Papua on the island of Waigeo, Raja Ampat islands.

References

Amber (processor core)

The Amber processor core is an open-source ARM-compatible 32-bit RISC processor. It is hosted on the OpenCores website and is part of a movement to develop a library of open source hardware intellectual property. The Amber core is fully compatible with the ARMv2 instruction set and is therefore supported by the GNU toolchain. This older version of the ARM instruction set is supported because it is not covered by patents so can be implemented without a license from ARM Holdings, unlike some previous open source projects. The Amber project provides a complete embedded FPGA system incorporating the Amber core and a number of peripherals, including UARTs, timers and an Ethernet MAC.

There are two versions of the core provided in the Amber project. The Amber 23 has a 3-stage pipeline, a unified instruction and data cache, a Wishbone interface, and is capable of 0.75 DMIPS per MHz. The Amber 25 has a 5-stage pipeline, separate data and instruction caches, a Wishbone interface, and is capable of 1.0 DMIPS per MHz. Both cores implement exactly the same ISA and are 100% software compatible.

Johnson (1801 cricketer)

Johnson (first name and dates unknown) was an English first-class cricketer for Middlesex who was active in the 1800s and is recorded in one match in 1801, playing for the Thursday Club and totalling 2 runs with a highest score of 2.

References

Bibliography

Johnson (electoral district)

Johnson is a provincial electoral district in the Centre-du-Québec and Montérégie regions of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. It includes part of the city of Drummondville, as well as numerous other cities and municipalities.

It was created for the 1973 election from parts of Bagot, Drummond, Richmond and Shefford electoral districts.

In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, it changed its territory considerably, losing its eastern parts including part of the city of Sherbrooke, and gaining territory to the north, including part of the city of Drummondville.

The riding named in honour of former Quebec Premier Daniel Johnson, Sr. who served as leader of the province from 1966 until his death in 1968.

Members of the National Assembly

Johnson (rapper)

Marc Kwabena Johnson better known as Johnson (born in Svendborg, Denmark in 1979) is a Danish rapper. Previously he was known as NiggerenISlæden (alias N.I.S.). Before his solo career, he was a member of the band B.A.N.G.E.R.S. and J.A.Z. and has collaborated with many Danish hip hop artists.

Career

Marc Johnson was born to a Ghanaian father and a Danish mother. After his father's death, he moved to live with his mother and half sister, singer Zindy Laursen to Åbyhøj, Aarhus, where he grew up.

In 1998, he was a founding member of the rap group B.A.N.G.E.R.S. alongside other founding members U$O, L.O.C. and DJ Rescue. Together they released an EP entitled V.I.P. EP, and appeared in a small indie release with four tracks.

His big breakthrough came in 2004 with the release of his joint self-titled EP Johnson & Malone with childhood friend Ralle Malone on the Run for Cover label with producer Pilfinger from Glamour Hotel Music

In 2005 he built up on his success as a part of the group J.A.Z., that consisted of Marc Johnson, his sister Zindy Laursen and of Alex Ambrose. JAZ released the single "Ingen gør som vi gør" (meaning in Danish language Nobody does what we do).

Akira (manga)

Akira (often stylized as AKIRA) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Katsuhiro Otomo. Set in a post-apocalyptic Neo-Tokyo, the work uses conventions of the cyberpunk genre to detail a saga of turmoil. Initially serialized in the pages of Young Magazine from 1982 until 1990, the work was collected into six volumes by its publisher Kodansha. The work was first published in an English-language version by the Marvel Comics imprint Epic Comics, one of the first manga works to be translated in its entirety. Otomo's art is considered outstanding, and a breakthrough for both Otomo and the manga form. Throughout the breadth of the work, Otomo explores themes of social isolation, corruption, and power.

An animated film adaptation (anime) was released in 1988 which shortened the plot considerably, but retained much of the main character and plot structures from the manga as well as many original scenes and settings. The manga takes place in a longer time frame than the film, and involves a much wider array of characters and subplots. Otomo's Akira anime marked his transition from a career primarily in manga, to one almost exclusively in anime.