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They are called Galician (in Galician : galegos ) to the people of
Galicia, the natives of that territory and, in general, to their descendants. To all it is known as "
Galician people" in a broad sense of the term. From an anthropological
point of view, various genetic studies demonstrate its
Central Europe {citation needed}}, less influenced by the
Mediterranean peoples other Iberian populations due to historical isolation of its inhabitants, the result of its geographical location.
It is common to find descendants of Galician outside Galicia, particularly in many countries in
America such as
Peru,
Argentina,
Chile,
Venezuela,
Brazil,
Uruguay and
Cuba among others. Historically, the emigration of the Galician people is due to political, economic and social factors.
Following the Galician diaspora nineteenth century, it is estimated that there are
10 million people of Galician origin, dispersed most of them in
Europe and America, bonded thousands of them around tens of Galician Centers (companies meeting many of them founded in the late nineteenth century ). The largest group of people of Galician descent living in Argentina, with more than
100,
000 Galicians Galician being known as the fifth province.
The first historical reference of the Galician, dates back to 136 BC, when the
Roman general Decimus Junius Brutus returned to
Rome -after his victorious military campaign against two previously unknown peoples, Lusitanian and receiving from the
Roman Senate galaicos- own title Gallaecus or "Galician" in honor of the harsh military expedition against them. 5 After these initial contacts, the Greco-Roman will consolidate this name, as did
Strabo, Pliny and
Appian among others. Will this name Gallaecus which will evolve for over 13 centuries, and that will eventually adopt the "Galician" form. More controversial is however the original meaning of the term Gallaicus (Galician). The first author who theorized this was
Isidore of Seville who in the seventh century, explained that the "Galician" name alluded to the skin as white as milk had their inhabitants, similar to the inhabitants of Gaul way.
In addition to the nearly 2.8 million residents and registered in Galician Galicia, in the rest of
Spain is home to over one million Galician, most concentrated in the
Madrid region (over
300,000, however only been changed to Census Madrid Galician 77,880),
Catalonia (over
200,000, but there are only 77 754 Galician counted in Catalonia),
Canary Islands (there are more than 80,000 Galician working in the Canaries, but only have been recorded in the archipelago 26,455 Galician) and
Basque Country (46 884 Galician counted). However, due to the criteria of the census, out of Galicia Galician contained only 370 079 (considering only those born in Galicia and not their children or grandchildren) who reside in other territories of the
Spanish State.
Many Galicians who work and reside in large
Spanish cities, Madrid and
Barcelona are registered in their home towns in Galicia, so that you can not know the exact number statistically through the
INE. According to its statute of autonomy, and its effects have the political status of all
Spaniards Galicians registered in municipalities Galicians, and the Spaniards living abroad whose last census in Spain was in a Galician municipality.
Like other Iberian regions, Galicia's modern history has been defined by mass emigration
. It was significant the Galician emigration in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century to other parts of Spain,
Portugal, and
Latin.
Knowledge of
Spanish is required according to the
Spanish Constitution and virtually universal in young people. Knowledge of Galician, after declining for many years due to pressure from Spanish and official persecution. It is known as Galician popular mythology to all supernatural beings legends and folklore of Galicia. Retains many similar not only with
Irish and
Breton mythology, but also with the Asturian and
Portuguese. Linked as in the rest of Europe pre-Christian pagan religions, and with great
Celtic influence.
The Galician identity has been strong throughout history. The current flag of Galicia is one of the main symbols, which traces its origins to the nineteenth century. The
Galician language is a
Romance language of the Galician-Portuguese subgroup spoken mainly in the community Spanish of Galicia. It is closely related to Portuguese, which form a linguistic unit.
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- published: 05 May 2015
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