- published: 02 Sep 2013
- views: 422
The logical form of a sentence (or proposition or statement or truthbearer) or set of sentences is the form obtained by abstracting from the subject matter of its content terms or by regarding the content terms as mere placeholders or blanks on a form. In an ideal logical language, the logical form can be determined from syntax alone; formal languages used in formal sciences are examples of such languages. Logical form, however, should not be confused with the mere syntax used to represent it; there may be more than one string that represents the same logical form in a given language.
The logical form of an argument is called the argument form or test form of the argument.
The importance of the concept of form to logic was already recognized in ancient times. Aristotle, in the Prior Analytics, was probably the first to employ variable letters to represent valid inferences. Therefore, Łukasiewicz claims that the introduction of variables was 'one of Aristotle's greatest inventions'.
03-3-05 Patterns of Argument or Logical Form Rich Legum - Classical Philosophy Course
P. Jacobson (Brown University) (Antecedent Contained)
In this video I briefly explain what a standard form argument is, and how it can be useful in many ways, especially when discussing or debating beliefs and opinions with other people. It is all too common, especially here on youtube, to see two (or more) parties having an apparent disagreement about a certain topic or point, when one or more of the individuals involved does not really understand what the other is trying to say. The use of standard form arguments can help to reduce these misunderstandings. This video focuses on three key terms or concepts: 'Argument', 'premise', and 'conclusion'. LINKS: Post on johnlebon.com: http://www.johnlebon.com/youtube/jlbe1608-thinking-101-argument-premise-conclusion/ DISCLAIMER: This video is published free of charge and is 100% non-profit. Any co...
We talk about quantifier raising and logical form in order to do semantic composition on syntactically ambiguous sentences. This video is necessary for semantic composition. LIKE AND SHARE THE VIDEO IF IT HELPED! Visit our website: http://bit.ly/1zBPlvm Subscribe on YouTube: http://bit.ly/1vWiRxW Like us on Facebook: http://on.fb.me/1vWwDRc Submit your questions on Reddit: http://bit.ly/1GwZZrP Hello, welcome to TheTrevTutor. I'm here to help you learn your college courses in an easy, efficient manner. If you like what you see, feel free to subscribe and follow me for updates. If you have any questions, leave them below. I try to answer as many questions as possible. If something isn't quite clear or needs more explanation, I can easily make additional videos to satisfy your need for kn...
This video is meant to accompany Math 207: Discrete Math at Hood College. It covers an introduction to propositional logic, truth tables and logical connectives (negation, conjunction, disjunction and implication.)
This video defines the notion of logical equivalence of statements. We show two examples of using truth tables to establish logical equivalence of statements and look at what it means for two statements NOT to be logically equivalent.
06-0-16 Reconstucting Arguments- Adding Intermediate Conclusions & Logical Form Rich Legum's Philosophy Course
Definitions and examples. Truth tables. Equivalent statements. For more free math videos, visit: http://www.professorserna.com
Katrin Erk: Representing Meaning with a Combination of Logical and Distributional Models Abstract: As the field of Natural Language Processing develops, more ambitious semantic tasks are being addressed, such as Question Answering (QA) and Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE). Solving these tasks requires (ideally) an in-depth representation of sentence structure as well as expressive and flexible representations at the word level. We have been exploring a combination of logical form with distributional as well as resource-based information at the word level, using Markov Logic Networks (MLNs) to perform probabilistic inference over the resulting representations. In this talk, I will focus on the three main components of a system we have developed for the task of Textual Entailment: (1...
Mapping natural language utterances to logical form
Here we see how to find the negation of a logical statement by first converting into existential and universal quantifiers (the backwards E and upside down A), then negating. Translating the English into logical form makes it easier to negate the statement correctly. For more online math videos, feel free to subscribe. I am available for online math tutoring at www.edgemath.com
Bertrand Russell defended a correspondence theory of truth, initially developing a conception of belief (or judgment) as a two-place relation. But Russell later gave up on such a representational theory, developing instead his famous multiple relation theory of belief. This was in order to avoid implausible Meinongian consequences regarding particular abstract entities and objective falsehoods. But, as Wittgenstein would argue, belief conceived of as a multiple relation has its own problems inasmuch as it doesn't rule out the possibility of believing/judging that which is nonsense or meaningless. In this talk, such issues of Russell's early views on the nature of belief, truth, and falsehood are discussed. This talk is somewhat difficult to follow, especially if one isn't already familiar...
This video was produced with a Swivl!
James Allen's Big-picture@Rochester Talk on "The TRIPS Logical Form and Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR)": http://goo.gl/17IjQm
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These are video lectures that I recorded for my online Introduction to Philosophy Student. Furthermore, the chapters in these video lectures correspond to the chapters in A Concise Introduction to Logic, 12th edition, by Patrick Hurley (Cengage Learning). Finally, some of the information provided in these lectures are also provided in Logic, 2nd edition, by Stan Baronett (OUP).
Introduction to Logic by Dr. A.V. Ravishankar Sarma,Department of Humanities and Social Sciences,IIT Kanpur.For more details on NPTEL visit http://nptel.ac.in
Distinguished Lecture Series November 4, 2014 Raymond Mooney: "Deep Natural Language Semantics by Combining Logical and Distributional Methods using Probabilistic Logic" Traditional logical approaches to semantics and newer distributional or vector space approaches have complementary strengths and weaknesses.We have developed methods that integrate logical and distributional models by using a CCG-based parser to produce a detailed logical form for each sentence, and combining the result with soft inference rules derived from distributional semantics that connect the meanings of their component words and phrases. For recognizing textual entailment (RTE) we use Markov Logic Networks (MLNs) to combine these representations, and for Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) we use Probabilistic Sof...
Now we're going to "upgrade" our logic to predicate logic, which lets us have a good bit more flexibility in how we describe various situations, including the use of quantifiers. http://www.polymathlectures.org/