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Steven Paul "
Steve" Jobs (/ˈdʒɒbz/;
February 24,
1955 –
October 5,
2011) was an
American technology entrepreneur, visionary and inventor. He was the co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer (
CEO) of
Apple Inc.; CEO and largest shareholder of
Pixar Animation Studios; a member of
The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of
Pixar; and founder, chairman, and CEO of
NeXT Inc. Jobs is widely recognized as a pioneer of the microcomputer revolution of the
1970s, along with
Apple co-founder
Steve Wozniak. Shortly after his death, Jobs's official biographer,
Walter Isaacson, described him as the "creative entrepreneur whose passion for perfection and ferocious drive revolutionized six industries: personal computers, animated movies, music, phones, tablet computing, and digital publishing."
Adopted at birth in
San Francisco, and raised in the
San Francisco Bay Area during the
1960s, Jobs's countercultural lifestyle was a product of his time. As a senior at
Homestead High School, in
Cupertino, California, his two closest friends were the older engineering student (and
Homestead High alumnus) Wozniak and his countercultural girlfriend, the artistically inclined Homestead High junior
Chrisann Brennan. Jobs briefly attended
Reed College in
1972 before dropping out, deciding to travel through
India in
1974 and study Buddhism.
Jobs co-founded Apple in
1976 to sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. The duo gained fame and wealth a year later for the
Apple II, one of the first highly successful mass-produced personal computers. In
1979, after a tour of
Xerox PARC, Jobs saw the commercial potential of the
Xerox Alto, which was mouse-driven and had a graphical user
interface (
GUI). This led to development of the failed
Apple Lisa in
1983, followed by the successful Macintosh in
1984. In addition to being the first mass-produced computer with a GUI, the Macintosh instigated the sudden rise of the desktop publishing industry in
1985 with the addition of the
Apple LaserWriter, the first laser printer to feature vector graphics.
Following a long power struggle, Jobs was forced out of Apple in 1985.
After leaving Apple, Jobs took a few of its members with him to found NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in state-of-the-art computers for higher-education and business markets. In addition, Jobs helped to initiate the development of the visual effects industry when he funded the spinout of the computer graphics division of
George Lucas's company Lucasfilm in
1986.
The new company, Pixar, would eventually produce the first fully computer-animated film,
Toy Story—an event made possible in part because of Jobs's financial support.
In
1997, Apple purchased NeXT, allowing Jobs to become the former's CEO once again. He would return the company, which was on the verge of bankruptcy, back to profitability.
Beginning in 1997 with the "
Think different" advertising campaign, Jobs worked closely with designer
Jonathan Ive to develop a line of products that would have larger cultural ramifications: the iMac, iTunes,
Apple Stores, the iPod, the iTunes Store, the iPhone, the
App Store, and the iPad.
Mac OS was also revamped into
Mac OS X, based on NeXT's NeXTSTEP platform.
Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in
2003 and died of respiratory arrest related to the tumor on October 5, 2011.
(c)
Wikipedia
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cp_vmVRkpKQ
- published: 26 Nov 2015
- views: 1697