Paleochristian Art - 3 Funerary Art

• published: 26 Mar 2015
• views: 3

Third video about the Paleochristian Art serie. Any doubt? Send me a message. Land of the Art blog: http://landoftheart.blogspot.com.es/ Land of the Art in facebook: https://www.facebook.com/landoftheart About the Paleochristian art, is the art that develops during the first six centuries after the rise of Christianity. The Peace of the Church, also known as the Edict of Milan, was given in 313, when the freedom of religion in the Roman Empire was established, ending the persecutions. The Edict of Thessalonica stablished in 380 made the christian religion the oficial one. It is important to see the difference between necropolis and cemetery. The christians do not create necropolis, city of the dead, they create cemeteries, where the people is "sleeping", so is a place to rest meanwhile they go to the heaven in the afterlife. Also, they do not do rich tombs, so the funerary methods are simple. Tropaion: this is the tomb of Saint Pietro, who died martyrized and his followers build a commemorative building. Cella Trichora: these cellas are chapels to bury. Trichora is of three apses, but can be Dichora, of two apses, or Tetrachora, of four apses. The Cella Trichora of Pécs and the Casón de Jumilla are examples. Martyrium of La Alberca: a martyrium is a monumentalised funerary construction dedicated to a martyr, that is, someone who died in name of the christian religion. The cubiculum inferius is the down floor, and is where is the tomb itself. The cella superius is the floor in the ground and is where there were ceremonies and libations in honor to the deceased. The riches who built the buildings usually are buried with the martyr, this is called Inhumatio Ad Sanctas, and this is to be salved easily. Finally, the called Fenestella Confessionis is a windows used to see the deceseased by the visitors from outside. Catacombs: the catacombs are well known. Usually is known that the catacombs exist because the christians were pursued, but they built it because the price of the ground was very high. Although it is true that they were pursued. Some destacable catacombs are the ones in Naples or Priscile. They buried the people in arcosoliums (in spanish arcosolio), rectangular area covered with a quarter sphere dome called lunette (in spanish is lucernario) with paintings. The lucernariums (in spanish lucernario) were light holes. You can see some paintings, as Daniel and the Lions, the God Sheperd, Jonah, the family of Adam, Adam and Eve... The sarcophagus are the great representation of sculpture in this period, because there are reliefs. Remember, they had terror to idolatry, that is why there aren't sculptures in the round yet. A few things about vocabulary, there are three ways that Jesus Christ cures. Adlocutio is by words. Impositio Manuum is by touching. Virga taumaturgica is with a wand. The scenes in the sarcophagus are the same ones as the ones in frescoes. Sarcophagus of Prosenes: you see some cupids with an epitaph and cornucopias. Sarcophagus of Via Salaria: you see the God Sheperd among other scenes. Tetrarch age. Sarcophagus of Jonah: different scenes but the main one is the tale of Jonah and the monster. Dogmatic Sarcophagus: or Trinity Sarcophagus, there are a lot of scenes here, you can recognize by knowing christian iconography, maybe I should do that in the future, but if you have any doubt, you can ask me. What you have to know basically here is the introduction of the concord, that is the scene in that circular form that means the love between two persons, but not a carnal love, so it can be between two persons of the same sex and family. Sarcophagus of the Two Brothers: just the same I said in the previous one. Sarcofagi della Passioni: what is important here is the division of the scenes between architectural spaces (up) and vegetal spaces (down). You see colums dividing the space (up) and trees (down). Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus: consular production. This is a very amazing sarcophagus because the lot of sculptures it has. Is just that, you can try to recognize the scenes, but you see the same characteristics I have said before. Sarcophagus of Stilicone: about this sarcophagus I have to say that is a "city gates" sarcophagus, because you see the city in the back. Music: Gregorian Chant -Dum Pater Familias Photos taken in Google images. No copyright infringement intended.