© [All videos are produced by us] "IMMERSE YOURSELF IN THE ADVENTURE ...IT CAN BE A NIGHTMARE OR A DREAM." →STAY TUNED EVERY FRIDAY ■ https://YOUTUBE.com/c/VRASvirtualrealityadventurestudios ■ https://FACEBOOK.com/VRAS.virtual.reality.adventure.studios/ ■ https://INSTAGRAM.com/_VRAS_ ■ https://VEER.tv/me/VRAS ■ https://SAMSUNGVR.com/channel/16085421f18514d288db2c39 This article is about a group of activists. For other uses, see Anonymous (disambiguation). Anonymous Anonymous emblem.svg An emblem that is commonly associated with Anonymous. The "man without a head" represents anonymity and leaderless organization.[1] Anonymous at Scientology in Los Angeles.jpg Individuals appearing in public as Anonymous, wearing Guy Fawkes masks Formation c. 2004 Type Multiple-use name/avatar Virtual community Voluntary association Purpose Anti-cyber-surveillance Anti-cyber-censorship Internet activism Internet vigilantism Region served Global Membership Decentralized affinity group Anonymous is a loosely associated international network of activist and hacktivist entities. A website nominally associated with the group describes it as "an Internet gathering" with "a very loose and decentralized command structure that operates on ideas rather than directives".[2] The group became known for a series of well-publicized distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks on government, religious, and corporate websites.[3] Anonymous originated in 2003 on the imageboard 4chan, representing the concept of many online and offline community users simultaneously existing as an anarchic, digitized global brain.[4][5][6] Anonymous members (known as "Anons") can be distinguished in public by the wearing of Guy Fawkes masks in the style portrayed in the graphic novel and film V for Vendetta.[7] However this may not always be the case, as some of the collective prefer to instead cover their face without using the well-known mask as a disguise. In its early form, the concept was adopted by a decentralized online community acting anonymously in a coordinated manner, usually toward a loosely self-agreed goal, and primarily focused on entertainment, or often referred to as "lulz". Beginning with 2008's Project Chanology—a series of protests, pranks, and hacks targeting the Church of Scientology—the Anonymous collective became increasingly associated with collaborative hacktivism on a number of issues internationally. Individuals claiming to align themselves with Anonymous undertook protests and other actions (including direct action) in retaliation against copyright-focused campaigns by motion picture and recording industry trade associations. Later targets of Anonymous hacktivism included government agencies of the U.S., Israel, Tunisia, Uganda, and others; the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant; child pornography sites; copyright protection agencies; the Westboro Baptist Church; and corporations such as PayPal, MasterCard, Visa, and Sony. Anons have publicly supported WikiLeaks and the Occupy movement. Related groups LulzSec and Operation AntiSec carried out cyberattacks on U.S. government agencies, media, video game companies, military contractors, military personnel, and police officers, resulting in the attention of law enforcement to the groups' activities. Some actions by members of the group have been described as being anti-Zionist. It has threatened to cyber-attack Israel and engaged in the "#OpIsrael" cyber-attacks of Israeli websites on Yom HaShoah (Holocaust Remembrance Day) in 2013.[8] Dozens of people have been arrested for involvement in Anonymous cyberattacks, in countries including the US, UK, Australia, the Netherlands, Spain, India and Turkey. Evaluations of the group's actions and effectiveness vary widely. Supporters have called the group "freedom fighters"[9] and digital Robin Hoods[10] while critics have described them as "a cyber lynch-mob"[11] or "cyber terrorists".[12] In 2012, Time called Anonymous one of the "100 most influential people" in the world.[13] Contents [hide] 1 Philosophy 2 History 2.1 4chan raids (2003–2007) 2.2 Encyclopedia Dramatica (2004–present) 2.3 Project Chanology (2008) 2.4 Operation Payback (2010) 2.5 2011–2012 2.6 2013 2.6.1 Million Mask March 2.6.2 #OpOk 2.6.3 Operation Safe Winter 2.7 2014 2.7.1 Shooting of Michael Brown 2.7.2 Shooting of Tamir Rice 2.8 2015 2.8.1 Charlie Hebdo shootings 2.8.2 Anti-Islamic "Reclaim Australia" rally 2.8.3 Operation CyberPrivacy 2.8.4 Operation KKK 2.8.5 #OpSaudi 2.8.6 #OpISIS 2.8.7 #OpParis 2.8.8 #OpNASADrones 2.9 2016 2.9.1 #BoycottThailand: Thailand Jail Hack 2.9.2 2016 US Presidential Election 2.9.3 South African Corruption 3 Related groups 3.1 LulzSec 3.2 AntiSec 4 Arrests and trials 4.1 Operation Avenge Assange 5 Analysis 6 Media portrayal 7 See also 8 References 8.1 Notes 8.2 Citations 8.3 Bibliography 9 External links

• published: 15 Dec 2017
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