- published: 24 Jun 2013
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The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is part of the axial skeleton. The vertebral column is the defining characteristic of a vertebrate, in which the notochord (a flexible rod of uniform composition) found in all chordates has been replaced by a segmented series of bones—vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs. The vertebral column houses the spinal canal, a cavity that encloses and protects the spinal cord.
There are about 50,000 species of animals that have a vertebral column. The human vertebral column is one of the most-studied examples.
In the human vertebral column there are normally thirty-three vertebrae;the upper twenty-four are articulating and separated from each other by intervertebral discs, and the lower nine are fused in adults, five in the sacrum and four in the coccyx or tailbone. The articulating vertebrae are named according to their region of the spine. There are seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae and five lumbar vertebrae. The number of vertebrae in a region can vary but overall the number remains the same. The number of those in the cervical region however is only rarely changed.
The human body is the entire structure of a human being and comprises a head, neck, trunk (which includes the thorax and abdomen), arms and hands, legs and feet. Every part of the body is composed of various types of cells, the fundamental unit of life.
At maturity, the estimated average number of cells in the body is given as 37.2 trillion. This number is stated to be of partial data and to be used as a starting point for further calculations. The number given is arrived at by totalling the cell numbers of all the organs of the body and cell types. The composition of the human body is made up of a number of certain elements including carbon, calcium and phosphorus.
The study of the human body involves anatomy and physiology. The human body can show anatomical non-pathological anomalies known as variations which need to be able to be recognised. Physiology focuses on the systems and their organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis.
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS). The spinal cord begins at the occipital bone and extends down to the space between the first and second lumbar vertebrae; it does not extend the entire length of the vertebral column. It is around 45 cm (18 in) in men and around 43 cm (17 in) long in women. Also, the spinal cord has a varying width, ranging from 13 mm (1⁄2 in) thick in the cervical and lumbar regions to 6.4 mm (1⁄4 in) thick in the thoracic area. The enclosing bony vertebral column protects the relatively shorter spinal cord. The spinal cord functions primarily in the transmission of neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body but also contains neural circuits that can independently control numerous reflexes and central pattern generators. The spinal cord has three major functions: as a conduit for motor information, which travels down the spinal cord, as a conduit for sensory information in the reverse direction, and finally as a center for coordinating certain reflexes.
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Spine or Vertebral column | Spine bones joints | Human Spine Anatomy 3D animation | Elearnin This video illustrates one of the main parts of human body, the spinal cord or the vertebral column. Understand the intricacies of the movements of vertebral column by getting familiar with the joints and bones, and the set of complex muscles which make up the spinal cord. The vertebral column in the mammals is known as the back bone or the spine. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord and even supports the head. The spinal cord serves as a joint for the ribs and musculature of the back. The spine is a cord like bony structure in the human body and other vertebrates. Human vertebral column is formed by serially arranged units called the vertebrae and are inward placed. This vertebral col...
http://www.anatomyzone.com 3D anatomy tutorial on the vertebral column using Zygote Body (http://www.zygotebody.com) Join the Facebook page for updates: http://www.facebook.com/anatomyzone Follow me on twitter: http://www.twitter.com/anatomyzone Subscribe to the channel for more videos and updates: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=theanatomyzone
For a student, who just started studying the spinal column, it is imperative to find, observe and to identify features of typical vertebra. Those findings are later to be found within the cervical, thoracic and lumbar groups and supplemented with additional regional characteristics of these three groups.
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Spine or Vertebral column | Spine bones joints | Human Spine Anatomy 3D animation | Elearnin This video illustrates one of the main parts of human body, the spinal cord or the vertebral column. Understand the intricacies of the movements of vertebral column by getting familiar with the joints and bones, and the set of complex muscles which make up the spinal cord. The vertebral column in the mammals is known as the back bone or the spine. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord and even supports the head. The spinal cord serves as a joint for the ribs and musculature of the back. The spine is a cord like bony structure in the human body and other vertebrates. Human vertebral column is formed by serially arranged units called the vertebrae and are inward placed. This vertebral col...
http://www.anatomyzone.com 3D anatomy tutorial on the vertebral column using Zygote Body (http://www.zygotebody.com) Join the Facebook page for updates: http://www.facebook.com/anatomyzone Follow me on twitter: http://www.twitter.com/anatomyzone Subscribe to the channel for more videos and updates: http://www.youtube.com/subscription_center?add_user=theanatomyzone
For a student, who just started studying the spinal column, it is imperative to find, observe and to identify features of typical vertebra. Those findings are later to be found within the cervical, thoracic and lumbar groups and supplemented with additional regional characteristics of these three groups.
HUMAN VERTEBRAL COLUMN ,VERTEBRAL BONE
Intrinsic muscles of the back, vertebral column, spinal meninges and spinal cord
Disección anatómica #2 - Los músculos intrínsecos de la espalda, la columna vertebral, meninges y la médula espinal.
Biology (Zoology- Grade 11): High School Learning: Locomotion and Movements - Pectoral girdle - Pelvic girdle. Axial Skeleton - Skull (29 bones) - Vertebral Column Biology (Zoology - Grade 11): High School Learning: Skeletal System: - Vertebrate Skeletal System is differentiated into 2 parts - Axial.( Skull, Vertebral Column , Ribs , Sternum ) - Appendicular.(Girdles and Limb Bones.) Total Number of Bones in Foetus- 306 Total Number of Bones in Children- 213 Total Number of Bones in Adult- 206. Human Axial System: - 87 in children. - 80 in adult. Human Skull in Detailed: - Total bone in skull is 29: 1- Cranium- 8 2- Face- 14 3- Auditory or Ear Ossicles.- 6 4- Hyoid or tongue bone- 1 Human Vertebral Column: It is divided into following parts: - Cervical - ...
SKULL, VERTEBRAL COLUMN Vertebral column:- It is our backbone which extends in the mid axis of the back (posterior) part of our trunk from head to the lower (inferior) extremity of trunk. Vertebral column of vertebrates is a modification of notochord. Together with the sternum and rib, it forms the supporting frame work of our trunk. It supports and rotate the head, supends the viscera, protect vital organs, provides attachment to limb girdles, facilitates some movement of the trunk and houses the spinal cord. Vertebral column make two-fifth of total weight of body. The length of human vertebral column is 71 cm. CHAPTER 20 LOCOMOTION AND MOVEMENT CLASS 11TH Get Full Course To Study Offline Through our website: http://www.m-learning.in Call Us at : (+91)9826023696, (+91) 0731-2495865. M...
Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 7 Part B Lecture: The Skelton Chapter 7 Part A Lecture can be found here: https://youtu.be/SYrdGRPIGms Chapter 7 Part C Lecture can be found here: https://youtu.be/3ZA33n7BrRg Please leave questions in the comments below or email directly at fmajoo@gmail.com Text: Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Human Anatomy and Physiology 10th edition. Pearson Education Inc 2016. The Human Body: An Orientation. Topics Covered: Vertebral Column spine spinal column vertebrae C1-C7 T1-T12 L1-L5 S1-S5 Coccyx Cervical Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Sacrum Coccyx Cervical curvature Lumbar Curvature Thoracic Curvature Sacral Curvature posterior longitudinal ligaments Anterior longitudinal Ligament Ligamentum Flavum Intervertebral Discs Nucleus Pulposus Anul...
Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 7 Part A Lecture: The Skelton Chapter 7 Part B Lecture can be found here: https://youtu.be/3p1-xzfdJCA Chapter 7 Part C lecture can be found here: https://youtu.be/3ZA33n7BrRg Please leave questions in the comments below or email directly at fmajoo@gmail.com Text: Elaine Marieb & Katja Hoehn Human Anatomy and Physiology 10th edition. Pearson Education Inc 2016. The Human Body: An Orientation. Topics Covered: Skeleton Skeletal System Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Skull Vertebral Column Thoracic Cage Cranial Bones / Cranium Cranial Cavity Facial Bones Sutures joints ligaments Cranial vault ( Calvaria ) Cranial Base Cavities of the Cranium Openings of the Skull Frontal Bone Parietal Bones Occipital Bone Temporal Bones Sphenoid Bone Ethmoid Bone ...
The head is positioned upon the superior portion of the vertebral column, attaching the skull upon C-1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the superior segment of the axial skeleton and comprises skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into: (a) cranium (8 bones: frontal, 2-parietal, occipital, 2-temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid), and (b) facial bones (14 bones: 2-zygomatic, 2-maxillary, 2-palatine, 2-nasal, 2-lacrimal, vomer, 2-inferior conchae, mandible). As the fetus develops, the facial bones usually form into pairs, and then fuse together. As the cranium fuses, sutures are formed that resemble stitching between bone plates. In a newborn, the junction of the parietal bones ...
The Best Human Body Anatomy - The Trunk Trunk or torso is an anatomical term for the central part of the many animal bodies (including that of the human) from which extend the neck and limbs. The trunk includes the thorax and the abdomen. The trunk is that part of the body defined by the length of the vertebral column. It can is subdivided into four sections – the neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis/perineum. Sometimes the neck is included with the head and therefore not covered with the trunk. It is typical to study the anterior and lateral muscles of the trunk separately from the muscles in the back of the trunk. The anterior and lateral muscles are often referred to as the body wall muscles and the muscles in the back of the trunk are grouped as the back muscles. The Trunk : https://en.w...
The Best Human Body Anatomy - The Trunk Trunk or torso is an anatomical term for the central part of the many animal bodies (including that of the human) from which extend the neck and limbs. The trunk includes the thorax and the abdomen. The trunk is that part of the body defined by the length of the vertebral column. It can is subdivided into four sections – the neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis/perineum. Sometimes the neck is included with the head and therefore not covered with the trunk. It is typical to study the anterior and lateral muscles of the trunk separately from the muscles in the back of the trunk. The anterior and lateral muscles are often referred to as the body wall muscles and the muscles in the back of the trunk are grouped as the back muscles. The Trunk : https://en.w...
The head is positioned upon the superior portion of the vertebral column, attaching the skull upon C-1 (the first cervical vertebra known as the atlas). The skeletal section of the head and neck forms the superior segment of the axial skeleton and comprises skull, hyoid bone, auditory ossicles, and cervical spine. The skull can be further subdivided into: (a) cranium (8 bones: frontal, 2-parietal, occipital, 2-temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid), and (b) facial bones (14 bones: 2-zygomatic, 2-maxillary, 2-palatine, 2-nasal, 2-lacrimal, vomer, 2-inferior conchae, mandible). As the fetus develops, the facial bones usually form into pairs, and then fuse together. As the cranium fuses, sutures are formed that resemble stitching between bone plates. In a newborn, the junction of the parietal bones ...
1 of 4 Parts 01 - 08 01 - SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE OF TRUNK AND UPPER THIGH 02 - INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE BACK / VERTEBRAL COLUMN / SPINAL MENINGES / SPINAL CORD 03 - THE ANTERIOR BODY WALL 04 - LUNGS & PLEURAL SACS / HEART & PERICARDIAL SACS 05 - POSTERIOR THORACIC WALL 06 - PERITONEAL CAVITY 07 - ABDOMINAL ORGANS 08 - ABDOMINAL AUTONOMICS