The pride of the
Russian navy is the
Kirov Class battle cruiser warship. Some may say its the worst
nightmare of the
US Navy. The
Kirov-class battlecruiser is a class of nuclear-powered warship of the
Russian Navy, the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships (i.e. not an aircraft carrier or amphibious assault ship) currently in active operation in the world. Among modern warships, they are second in size only to large aircraft carriers, and of similar size to a
World War I-era battleship. The official designation of the ship-type is "heavy nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser" (
Russian: тяжёлый атомный ракетный крейсер), but because of their size and general appearance, the ships are often referred to as battlecruisers by western defense commentators.[3]
Originally built for the
Soviet Navy, the class is named for the first of a series of 4 ships to be constructed, Kirov, which was renamed
Admiral Ushakov in
1992.
Original plans called for the construction of 5 ships, however the last was cancelled.
In Russia this class of ship is usually referred to by the designation
Project 1144
Orlan (sea eagle). Only the
Pyotr Velikiy is currently operational.
The Admiral Nakhimov is projected to re-enter the Russian Navy in
2018. Russia planned to reactivate the remaining two vessels by
2020,[
2][4] but recent reporting suggests that the reactors in Ushakov and
Lazarev are in a poor condition, and these ships cannot be safely reactivated.[5][
6][7]
The appearance of the
Kirov class played a key role in the recommissioning of the
Iowa-class battleships by the
United States Navy in the
1980s.[8][9][10]
The Kirov hull design also was used for the nuclear-powered
SSV-33 command ship
Ural.
Builders:
Baltic Shipyard,
Leningrad
Operators: Soviet Navy
Russian Navy
Built:
1974–
1998
In service: From
1980
Planned: 5
Completed: 4
Cancelled: 1
Active:
1 (1 undergoing modernization)
Laid up: 1
Retired: 1
General characteristics
Type:
Heavy guided missile cruiser/battlecruiser with nuclear marine propulsion
Displacement: 24,
300 tons standard, 28,
000 (full load)
Length: 252 m (827 ft)
Beam: 28.5 m (94 ft)
Draft:
9.1 m (30 ft)
Propulsion: 2-shaft
CONAS, 2× KN-3 nuclear marine propulsion with 2× GT3A-688 steam turbines
140,000 shp (
100,000 kW)[1]
Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h)
Range: 1,000 nautical miles (2,000 km) at 30 knots (56 km/h) (combined propulsion),
unlimited at 20 knots (37 km/h) on nuclear power
Complement: 710
Sensors and
processing systems: Radars: (
NATO reporting name):
Voskhod MR-800 (Top
Pair) 3D search radar, foremast
Fregat MR-710 (Top
Plate) 3D search radar, main mast
2 × Palm Frond navigation radar, foremast
Sonar:
Horse Jaw LF hull sonar
Horse
Tail VDS (
Variable Depth Sonar)
Electronic warfare
and decoys: 2 x PK-2
Decoy dispensers (400 rockets)
Armament:
Missiles:
• 20 ×
P-700 Granit (
SS-N-19 Shipwreck) AShM
• 14 ×
SS-N-14 Silex ASW cruise missiles (Ushakov only)
• 96 S-300F
Fort SA-N-6 Grumble surface-to-air missiles (Ushakov, Lazarev, Nakhimov)[citation needed]
• 48 S-300F Fort and 48
S-300FM Fort-M (
SA-N-20 Gargoyle) long-range
SAM (Pyotr Velikhy)[2]
• 128 9K95 Tor (
SA-N-9 Gauntlet)
point defense
SAM[2]
• 40 OSA-MA (
SA-N-4 Gecko) PD SAM
Guns:
• 1 × twin AK-130 130 mm/L70 dual purpose gun (2 ×
AK-100 100 mm/
L60 DP guns in Ushakov)
• 8 ×
AK-630 six-barreled
Gatling 30 mm/L60 PD guns (Ushakov, Lazarev)
• 6 ×
CADS-N-1 Kashtan gun/missile system (Nakhimov, Pyotr Velikiy[2])
Torpedoes and others:
• 1 × 10
RBU-1000 305 mm ASW rocket launchers
• 2 × 6
RBU-12000 (
Udav-1) 254 mm ASW rocket launchers
• 10 × 533 mm ASW/ASuW torpedo tubes,
Type 53 torpedo or
RPK-2 Viyuga (
SS-N-15) ASW missile
Armour: 76 mm plating around reactor compartment, light splinter protection
Aircraft carried: 3 helicopters
Aviation facilities: Below-deck hangar
Design
The Kirov class's main weapons are 20 P-700 Granit (SS-N-19 Shipwreck) missiles mounted in deck, designed to engage large surface targets.
Air defense is provided by twelve octuple S-300F launchers with 96 missiles and a pair of Osa-MA batteries with 20 missiles each. Pyotr Velikiy carries some S-300FM missiles and is the only ship in the Russian Navy capable of ballistic missile defence.[2] The ships had some differences in sensor and weapons suites: Kirov came with
SS-N-14 ASW missiles, while on subsequent ships these were replaced
with 9K331 Tor SAM systems. The Tor installation is in fact mounted further forward of the old SS-N-14 mounting, in the structure directly behind the blast shield for the bow mounted
RBU ASW rocket launcher. Kirov and
Frunze had eight 30 mm (
1.2 in) AK-630 close-in weapon systems, which were supplanted with[clarification needed] the Kashtan air-defence system on later ships.
Other weapons are the automatic 130 mm (
5.1 in) AK-130 gun system (except in Kirov which had two single 100 mm (3.9 in) guns instead), 10 21-inch (533-mm)
- published: 01 Jul 2015
- views: 359981