- published: 31 Oct 2014
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The Hyksos ([pronunciation?]Egyptian heqa khasewet, "foreign rulers"; Greek Ὑκσώς, Ὑξώς, Arabic: الملوك الرعاة, shepherd kings) were an Asiatic people who took over the eastern Nile Delta and ending the the thirteenth dynasty, initiating the Second Intermediate Period of ancient Egypt.
The Hyksos first appeared in Egypt during the eleventh dynasty, began their climb to power in the thirteenth dynasty, and came out of the second intermediate period in control of Avaris and the Delta. By the fifteenth dynasty, they ruled Lower Egypt, and at the end of the seventeenth dynasty, they were expelled.
The historian Josephus maintains that the Hyksos where in fact the children of Jacob who joined his son Joseph to escape the famine in the land of Canaan.
There are various hypotheses as to the Hyksos ethnic identity. Most archeologists[who?] describe the Hyksos as multi-ethnic, to include all of the peoples who occupied the emporia of the delta. Some were warlords seeking employment by the Egyptians as mercenaries. Some were unemployed agricultural workers looking for work helping produce food and resorting to banditry, theft and other crimes when they did not get it. Some were skilled tradesmen, professionals, doctors, lawyers, scribes, priests, diplomats, accountants. Some were merchants importing raw materials: timber from Byblos, semi-precious stones from as far away as Afghanistan, tin, copper, bronze, medicines for the doctors, perfumes for the wigmakers, bitumen, natron, linen, frankincense and myrrh for the mummification industry at Karnak or exporting grain and beer to as far away as Greece.
Actors: Patrick Troughton (actor), Carole Ann Ford (actress), William Russell (actor), William Hartnell (actor), Peter Butterworth (actor), Peter Cushing (actor), Andrew Keir (actor), Frazer Hines (actor), Nicholas Courtney (actor), Peter Davison (actor), Bernard Cribbins (actor), Marius Goring (actor), David Graham (actor), Jean Marsh (actress), Kevin Stoney (actor),
Plot: A tribute to the monsters that put "Doctor Who" (1963) on the map, featuring interviews with their creator/writer Terry Nation, their designer Raymond Cusick, operator John Scott Martin and voice artist Roy Skelton, as well as clips and three entire episodes from the BBC archives.
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