- published: 09 Feb 2014
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Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great (Russian: Екатерина II Великая, Yekaterina II Velikaya; German: Katharina die Große), Empress of Russia (2 May [O.S. 21 April] 1729 – 17 November [O.S. 6 November] 1796), was the most renowned and the longest-ruling female leader of Russia, reigning from 9 July [O.S. 28 June] 1762 until her death at the age of 67. She was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg, and came to power following a coup d'état and the assassination of her husband, Peter III, at the end of the Seven Years' War. Russia was revitalised under her reign, growing larger and stronger than ever and becoming recognised as one of the great powers of Europe.
In both her accession to power and in rule of her empire, Catherine often relied on her noble favourites, most notably Grigory Orlov and Grigory Potemkin. Assisted by highly successful generals such as Pyotr Rumyantsev and Alexander Suvorov, and admirals such as Fyodor Ushakov, she governed at a time when the Russian Empire was expanding rapidly by conquest and diplomacy. In the south, the Crimean Khanate was crushed following victories over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish wars, and Russia colonised the vast territories of Novorossiya along the coasts of the Black and Azov Seas. In the west, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ruled by Catherine's former lover, king Stanisław August Poniatowski, was eventually partitioned, with the Russian Empire gaining the largest share. In the east, Russia started to colonise Alaska, establishing Russian America.
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Keywords: airliner, coercion, desert, egypt, israel, moldova, nylons, panties, passport, prostitute
Actors: Phil Craig (producer), Debbie Wiseman (composer), Ruxandra Popescu (miscellaneous crew), Vlad Paunescu (producer), Geo Dobre (actor), Oana Topliceanu (miscellaneous crew), Claudiu Bleont (actor), Razvan Popa (actor), Vasilescu Valentin (miscellaneous crew), Dan Badarau (actor), Alin Panc (actor), Ioan Ionescu (actor), Emily Bruni (actress), John Burgess (actor), Marius Stanescu (actor),
Genres: Biography, Drama,Actors: Aleksandr Sokurov (actor), Jens Meurer (actor), Jens Meurer (producer), Valery Gergiev (actor), Ron Holloway (actor), Karsten Stöter (producer), Sergey Dreyden (actor), Sergey Ivanov (actor), Jörg Hauschild (editor), Mariya Kuznetsova (actress), Leonid Mozgovoy (actor), Andrey Deryabin (producer), Tilman Büttner (actor), Knut Elstermann (writer), Knut Elstermann (director),
Genres: Documentary, Short,Actors: Aleksandr Sokurov (director), Aleksandr Sokurov (miscellaneous crew), Jens Meurer (producer), Aleksandr Sokurov (writer), Aleksandr Sokurov (actor), Aleksandr Sokurov (writer), Leda Semyonova (miscellaneous crew), Leda Semyonova (miscellaneous crew), Viktor Mikhaylov (actor), Valentin Bukin (actor), Valery Gergiev (actor), Sergey Losev (actor), Svetlana Smirnova (actress), Boris Sokolov (actor), Karsten Stöter (producer),
Plot: An unseen man regains consciousness, not knowing who or where he is. No one seems to be able to see him, except the mysterious man dressed in black. He eventually learns through their discussions that this man is a 19th century French aristocrat, who he coins the "European". This turn of events is unusual as the unseen man has a knowledge of the present day. The two quickly learn that they are in the Winter Palace of the Hermitage in St. Petersburg, the European who has a comprehensive knowledge of Russian history to his time. As the two travel through the palace and its grounds, they interact with people from various eras of Russian history, either through events that have happened at the palace or through the viewing of artifacts housed in the museum. Ultimately, the unseen man's desired journey is to move forward, with or without his European companion.
Keywords: 1700s, 1800s, 18th-century, 1900s, 19th-century, 20th-century, 300-year-time-span, alexander-pushkin, anastasia, andrei-doronikhinActors: Evgeniy Lazarev (actor), Igor Yasulovich (actor), Lidiya Fedoseeva-Shukshina (actress), Andrey Rostotskiy (actor), Boris Plotnikov (actor), Nadezhda Butyrtseva (actress), Aleksandr Vdovin (actor), Evgeniy Knyazev (actor), Nikolay Stotskiy (actor), Bronislava Zakharova (actress), Yuriy Berkun (actor), Tamara Pavlyuchenko (director), Natalya Rassiyeva (actress), Darya Yurskaya (actress), Vadim Gorlov (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Winston Churchill (actor), Lev Durov (actor), Olegar Fedoro (actor), Adolf Hitler (actor), Kaiser Wilhelm II (actor), V.I. Lenin (actor), Franklin D. Roosevelt (actor), Joseph Stalin (actor), Andrei Tolubeyev (actor), Tsar Nicholas II (actor), Peter Ustinov (actor), Peter Ustinov (writer), Vyacheslav Molotov (actor), Yuriy Orlov (actor), Tsarina Alexandra (actress),
Genres: Drama, Fantasy, History, Sport, War,Actors: Vatslav Dvorzhetsky (actor), Dmitri Shostakovich (composer), Yevgeni Matveyev (actor), Eduard Volodarskiy (writer), Fyodor Odinokov (actor), Viktor Pavlov (actor), Boris Galkin (actor), Tamara Syomina (actress), Andrey Eshpay (composer), Igor Gorbachyov (actor), Vija Artmane (actress), Boris Plotnikov (actor), Pyotr Glebov (actor), Sergei Golovanov (actor), Yuri Volkov (actor),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Angelo Francesco Lavagnino (composer), Ennio Balbo (actor), Hildegard Knef (actress), Tina Lattanzi (actress), Fortunato Misiano (producer), Umberto Lenzi (director), Umberto Lenzi (writer), Guido Malatesta (writer), Walter Patriarca (costume designer), Tullio Altamura (actor), Sergio Fantoni (actor), Enzo Fiermonte (actor), Giacomo Rossi-Stuart (actor), Gianni Solaro (actor), Janez Vrhovec (actor),
Plot: Caterina finds out that her husband Peter Tzar of Russia, is plotting to kill her. She sets Count Orlov free from prison, Peter's sworn enemy, becomes empress of Russia and leads the Cossacks army against him.
Keywords: 1760s, catherine-the-great, character-name-in-title, czar, russian-historyActors: George Bernard Shaw (writer), David Wayne (actor), Fred Coe (director), Erik Rhodes (actor), Cathleen Cordell (actress), Micheál MacLiammóir (actor), Gertrude Lawrence (actress), Joan McCracken (actress), Kathryn Sergava (actress), George Matthews (actor), Lawrence Langner (producer), Theresa Helburn (producer),
Genres: Comedy,Actors: John Russell (actor), Mikhail Rasumny (actor), Sig Ruman (actor), Egon Brecher (actor), Vincent Price (actor), Torben Meyer (actor), Mischa Auer (actor), Donald Douglas (actor), Harry Carter (actor), Fred Essler (actor), Feodor Chaliapin Jr. (actor), Arno Frey (actor), Charles Coburn (actor), Wilton Graff (actor), Dick Ryan (actor),
Genres: Comedy, Drama,Actors: Eugen Burg (actor), Jaro Fürth (actor), Lil Dagover (actress), Alexander Murski (actor), Peter Voß (actor), Sybill Morel (actress), Georg Witt (producer), Vladimir Strizhevsky (director), Vladimir Strizhevsky (writer), Nikolai Malikoff (actor), Boris de Fast (actor), Dina Smirnova (actress), Michel Linsky (writer), Vera Pawlowa (actress), Max Dauthendey (writer),
Genres: Drama,