- published: 14 Mar 2016
- views: 76
Coal (from the Old English term col, which has meant "mineral of fossilized carbon" since the 13th century) is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure. Coal is composed primarily of carbon along with variable quantities of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Throughout history, coal has been a useful resource. It is primarily burned for the production of electricity and/or heat, and is also used for industrial purposes such as refining metals. A fossil fuel, coal forms when dead plant matter is converted into peat, which in turn is converted into lignite, then sub-bituminous coal, then bituminous coal, and lastly anthracite. This involves biological and geological processes that take place over a long period of time.
Coal is the largest source of energy for the generation of electricity worldwide, as well as one of the largest worldwide anthropogenic sources of carbon dioxide releases. Gross carbon dioxide emissions from coal usage are slightly more than those from petroleum and about double the amount from natural gas. Coal is extracted from the ground by mining, either underground by shaft mining through the seams or in open pits.
The Four Corners is a region of the United States consisting of the southwestern corner of Colorado, northwestern corner of New Mexico, northeastern corner of Arizona and southeastern corner of Utah. The Four Corners area is named after the quadripoint where the boundaries of the four states meet, where the Four Corners Monument is located. The majority of the Four Corners region is part of semi-autonomous indigenous American Indian nations, the largest of which is the Navajo Nation, followed by Hopi, Ute and Zuni Indian nations. The Four Corners region is part of a larger region known as the Colorado Plateau and is mostly rural, rugged and arid. In addition to the monument, commonly visited areas within Four Corners include Monument Valley, Mesa Verde National Park and Canyon de Chelly National Monument. The most populous city in the Four Corners region is Farmington, New Mexico, followed by Durango, Colorado.
The United States first acquired the area now called Four Corners from Mexico after the Mexican–American War in 1848. In 1863 Congress created Arizona Territory from the western part of New Mexico Territory. The boundary was defined as a line running due south from the southwest corner of Colorado Territory, which had been created in 1861. This was an unusual act of Congress, which almost always defined the boundaries of new territories as lines of latitude or longitude, or following rivers. By defining one boundary as starting at the corner of another Congress ensured the eventual creation of four states meeting at a point, regardless of the inevitable errors of boundary surveying. The area was first surveyed by the U.S. Government in 1868 as part of an effort to make Colorado Territory into a state, the first of the Four Corners states formed. The first marker was placed at the spot in 1912. The first Navajo tribal government was established in 1923 to regulate an increasing number of oil exploration activities on Navajo tribal lands.
Hillary Clinton: "We Are Going To Put A Lot Of Coal Miners & Coal Companies Out Of Business"
AMERICA REVEALED | Where Does Our Coal Come From? | PBS
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The Formation of Coal 3D
Toxic Waste in the US: Coal Ash (Full Length)
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Four Corners - The End of Coal? - 15 July 2015
Hillary Says She Wants To Put Coal Workers ‘Out Of Business’ - Spox Rushes To Her Defense
Actors: John Manning (actor), Mekelle Mills (producer), Mekelle Mills (director), Mekelle Mills (editor), Mekelle Mills (writer), Isaro Kayitesi (actress), Jeremy Burtenshaw (actor), Hannah Raven Smith (actress), Angela Downing (actress), Clementine Mills (actress), Annie Schofield (actress), Ryan Bennett (actor), Kaska Zielinski (actress), Brooke Gizzi (producer),
Plot: Zoe's regimented life is thrown into upheaval when she unexpectedly falls in love. In doing so, she is faced with making a series of choices whose outcomes not only impact on her independence but on the relationships with those most important to her.
Keywords: gay, lesbian, loveActors: Bill Palmer (writer), Bill Palmer (editor), Bill Palmer (producer), Bill Palmer (director), Will Coleman (actor), Doug Manley (actor), Adam Conger (actor), Joshua DesRoches (actor), Scott Bird (actor), Peter S. Thompson (producer), Allison Spiegel (actress),
Plot: "She runs hot. She moves fast. She's one hell of a ride". VICKI is a loving, comedic homage to John Carpenter's truly underrated 'Christine,' adapted from the novel by Stephen King. It's also a stand-alone tribute to American 80s horror in general.
Genres: Comedy, Horror, Romance, Short,Actors: Sean Young (actress), John Savage (actor), Red West (actor), Mark A. Nash (actor), Abby Wathen (actress), Lou Beatty Jr. (actor), David Pittinger (actor), Matt Laumann (actor), Stefania Marcone (actress), David Wetzel (actor), David Gray (actor), Michael Caporale (writer), Michael Caporale (producer), Michael Caporale (director), Michael Caporale (producer),
Plot: Released after serving an 18 year sentence for a string of compounded criminal charges, country music idol Jake Williams is entering a world he has never known with one objective; finding his legendary Gibson Black Dove guitar. Along the way, Jake flirts with disaster as he falls back into his old hard-living ways until the daughter he has never known reluctantly enters his life. Her presence serves as a catalyst of change as they each learn forgiveness while Jake pursues the Black Dove and ultimately, his dream of playing music again. Jake's life becomes a taxing but rewarding journey as his dreams are gradually realized, not as he intended, but through his daughter's love and the redemptive power of the elusive Black Dove guitar.
Keywords: animal-in-title, bird-in-title, color-in-title, father-daughter-relationship, guitar, release-from-jailActors: Andy Trieu (actor), Shai Alexander (actor), Alice Keohavong (actress), Patrick May (writer), Shane Parsons (director), Timothy Parsons (actor), Shane Parsons (writer), Anthony Parsons (writer), Finbar O'Mallon (actor), Azlan Smith (actress),
Genres: Action, Short,
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![Hubble docked in the cargo bay of Atlantis. Following the crew's post-sleep activities, they went to work performing the rendezvous operations that included burning the orbiters engines to refine the approach to the Hubble telescope.[NASA 20]](http://web.archive.org./web/20160318064512im_/http://cdn8.wn.com/ph/img/07/d9/9bed2b1362f917b703e3b9fa5cff-medium.jpg "Hubble docked in the cargo bay of Atlantis. Following the crew's post-sleep activities, they went to work performing the rendezvous operations that included burning the orbiters engines to refine the approach to the Hubble telescope.[NASA 20]")
