- published: 14 Nov 2013
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Fernando Henrique Cardoso (Portuguese pronunciation: [feɾˈnɐ̃dw ẽjˈʁiki kaʁˈdozu]; born June 18, 1931), also known by his initials FHC ([ˈɛfjɐˌgaˈse]), was the 34th President of the Federative Republic of Brazil and served for two terms from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2002. An accomplished sociologist, professor and politician, Cardoso was awarded in 2000 with the prestigious Prince of Asturias Award for International Cooperation.
Cardoso descends from wealthy Portuguese immigrants. Some of his ancestors were politicians during the Empire of Brazil. He is also of Black African descent, through a Black great-great-grandmother and a mulatto great-grandmother. Cardoso described himself as "slightly mulatto" and allegedly said he has "a foot in the kitchen" (a nod to 19th century Brazilian domestic slavery).
Born in Rio de Janeiro, he has lived in São Paulo for most of his life. Cardoso is a widower (he was married to Ruth Vilaça Correia Leite Cardoso until her death June 24, 2008) and has four children. Educated as a sociologist, he was a Professor of Political Science and Sociology at the Universidade de São Paulo. He was President of the International Sociological Association (ISA), from 1982 to 1986. He is a member of the Institute for Advanced Study (Princeton), an honorary foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and has penned several books.
Paulo Francis (Rio de Janeiro, September 2, 1930 – New York City, February 4, 1997), was a Brazilian journalist, political pundit, novelist and critic.
A controversial personality, Francis became prominent in modern Brazilian journalism through his critiques and essays in his trademark writing style - a mixture of erudition and vulgarity. As many other Brazilian intellectuals of his time, Francis was exposed to Americanization during his teens, and in his early career tried to blend Brazilian Nationalist Leftism in Culture and Politics with the ideal of modernity embodied in the USA. Early in his career, he acted mostly as an advocate of Modernism in cultural matters, later becoming embroiled in Brazilian 1960s political struggles as a Trotskyist sympathizer and a Leftist nationalist - keeping a distance, at the same time, from both Stalinism and Latin American populism. After spending the 1970s as an exile and expatriate in the US, in the 1980s he was to forseek Leftism for Americanism's sake, performing a sharp political turn and becoming an aggressive conservative, a defender of the Free Market and political liberalism, and an uncompromising anti-Leftist. In this capacity, he stranged himself from Brazilian intelligentisia and became mostly a Media figure, a role in which he would be embroiled in a legal suit amid which his life would come to a close. Critical evaluations of his work were made mostly by Midia scholar Bernardo Kucinski and historian Isabel Lustosa.
Actors: Fernando Henrique Cardoso (actor), Rodrigo Mac Niven (producer), Rodrigo Mac Niven (director), Rodrigo Mac Niven (writer), Antonio Escohotado (actor), Nilo Batista (actor), Jorge da Silva (actor),
Genres: Documentary,