Skam Records

Skam Records is an independent Electronic record label based in Manchester, England, founded by Andy Maddocks around 1990. Skam also runs a smaller sub-label called 33.

History

Skam's first 12-inch single is rumored to have never been officially released, only distributed as a promo. This was a self-titled debut from Lego Feet (SKA001) (Sean Booth and Rob Brown, now commonly known to be the pioneering duo Autechre); approximately 100–150 copies are believed to exist. The label followed with two 12" records from a project known as Gescom, whose members vary between each release. It is widely believed that Booth and Brown of Autechre are staple members, however.

Other early Skam releases came from the likes of Freeform, Bola, Jega, Team Doyobi, E.Stonji, and Boards of Canada. These first ten label releases are commonly regarded as classic electronic records, during which Skam was at its prime. With exception of the oft reprinted EPs Boards of Canada's Hi Scores EP (SKA008), Gescom's Keynell (SKA007), and the recently repressed Lego Feet (SKA001), early Skam releases still fetch high prices on the collector's market.

Television program

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A television program is a segment of content intended for broadcast on vision, other than a commercial, trailer, or any other segment of content not serving as attraction for viewership. It may be a single production, or more commonly, a series of related productions (also called a television series).

A television series that is intended to comprise a limited number of episodes may be called a miniseries or serial. Series without a fixed length are usually divided into seasons or series, yearly or semiannual sets of new episodes. While there is no defined length, US industry practice tends to favor longer seasons than those of some other countries.

A one-time broadcast may be called a "special," or particularly in the UK a "special episode." A television film ("made-for-TV movie" or "television movie"), is a film that is initially broadcast on television rather than released in theaters or direct-to-video.

A program can be either recorded, as on video tape, other various electronic media forms, played with an on-demand player or viewed on live television.

Subtitle (captioning)

Subtitles are derived from either a transcript or screenplay of the dialog or commentary in films, television programs, video games, and the like, usually displayed at the bottom of the screen, but can also be at the top of the screen if there is already text at the bottom of the screen. They can either be a form of written translation of a dialog in a foreign language, or a written rendering of the dialog in the same language, with or without added information to help viewers who are deaf and hard of hearing to follow the dialog, or people who cannot understand the spoken dialogue or who have accent recognition problems. The encoded method can either be pre-rendered with the video or separate as either a graphic or text to be rendered and overlaid by the receiver. The separate subtitles are used for DVD, Blu-ray and television teletext/Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) subtitling or EIA-608 captioning, which are hidden unless requested by the viewer from a menu or remote controller key or by selecting the relevant page or service (e.g., p. 888 or CC1), always carry additional sound representations for deaf and hard of hearing viewers. Teletext subtitle language follows the original audio, except in multi-lingual countries where the broadcaster may provide subtitles in additional languages on other teletext pages. EIA-608 captions are similar, except that North American Spanish stations may provide captioning in Spanish on CC3. DVD and Blu-ray only differ in using run-length encoded graphics instead of text, as well as some HD DVB broadcasts.

Hartvig Nissen School

The Hartvig Nissen School (Norwegian: Hartvig Nissens skole), informally referred to as Nissen, is a gymnasium in Oslo, Norway. It is located in the neighborhood Uranienborg in the borough of Frogner.

History

It was established in 1849 by Hartvig Nissen and was originally a private girl's school, named Nissen's Girls' School (Nissens Pigeskole, later changed to the modern spelling Nissens Pikeskole). The school was privately owned, usually by its headmasters, until it was sold to Christiania Municipality in 1918. Nissen's Girls' School was the first institution in Norway to offer examen artium—the university entrance exam—for women. Then-owner Bernhard Cathrinus Pauss also established the first tertiary education for women in Norway, a women's teacher's college named Nissen's Teachers' College (Nissens Lærerinneskole).

Nissen's Girls' School mainly served the higher bourgeoisie, and was one of three leading private higher schools in Oslo, alongside Frogner School and Vestheim School. Due to its location in the wealthy borough of Frogner and also because few working-class Norwegians attended gymnasium before the "education revolution" that started in the 1960s, it remained a school of choice for pupils from affluent families also after it was acquired by the municipality, although today, it has pupils from all parts of Oslo and with more diverse backgrounds. Its alumni include two members of the Norwegian Royal Family, Princess Ragnhild and Princess Astrid.

Verdens Gang

Verdens Gang (lit. "The passage of the world", in the sense "The tide of the world" or "The course of the world"), generally known under the abbreviation VG, is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper owned by Schibsted. In 2013, circulation numbers stood at 164,430, having declined from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002.

History and profile

VG was established by members of the resistance movement shortly after the country was liberated from German occupation in 1945. The first issue of the paper was published on 23 June 1945.Christian A. R. Christensen was the first editor-in-chief of VG from its start in 1945 to 1967 when he died.

VG is based in Oslo. The paper is published in tabloid format. The owner is the media conglomerate Schibsted, which also owns Norway’s largest newspaper, Aftenposten, as well as newspapers in Sweden and Estonia and shares in some of Norway’s larger regional newspapers. Schibsted took over the paper following the death of Christensen in 1967. Just before the change in the ownership VG was mostly sold in the Oslo area and had a circulation of 34,000 copies.