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About
Tibet:
Tibet (Listeni/tɨˈbɛt/;
Wylie: Bod, pronounced [pʰø̀ʔ];
Chinese: 西藏; pinyin:
Xīzàng) is a region on the
Tibetan Plateau in
Asia northeast of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the
Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as
Monpa,
Qiang and
Lhoba peoples and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of
Han Chinese and
Hui people. Tibet is the highest region on
Earth, with an average elevation of 4,900 metres (16,
000 ft).
The
Tibetan Empire emerged in the
7th century, but it soon divided into a variety of territories. The bulk of western and central Tibet (
Ü-Tsang) was often at least nominally unified under a series of
Tibetan governments in
Lhasa,
Shigatse, or nearby locations; these governments were at various times under
Mongol and Chinese overlordship. The eastern regions of
Kham and Amdo often maintained a more decentralized indigenous political structure, being divided among a number of small principalities and tribal groups, while also often falling more directly under Chinese rule; most of this area was eventually incorporated into the
Chinese provinces of
Sichuan and
Qinghai. The current borders of Tibet were generally established in the
18th century.[1]
Following the
Xinhai Revolution against the
Qing dynasty in 1912,
Qing soldiers were disarmed and escorted out of
Tibet Area (Ü-Tsang). The region subsequently declared its independence in 1913 without recognition by the subsequent Chinese
Republican government.[2]
Later, Lhasa took control of the western part of Xikang,
China. The region maintained its autonomy until 1951 when, following the
Battle of Chamdo, Tibet became incorporated into the
People's Republic of China, and the previous
Tibetan government was abolished in
1959 after a failed uprising.[3]
Today, China governs western and central Tibet as the
Tibet Autonomous Region while the eastern areas are now mostly ethnic autonomous prefectures within Sichuan, Qinghai and other neighbouring provinces. There are tensions regarding Tibet's political status[4] and dissident groups that are active in exile.[5] It is also said that Tibetan activists in Tibet have been arrested or tortured.[6]
The economy of Tibet is dominated by subsistence agriculture, though tourism has become a growing industry in recent decades. The dominant religion in Tibet is
Tibetan Buddhism; in addition there is Bön, which is similar to Tibetan Buddhism,[7] and there are also
Tibetan Muslims and
Christian minorities. Tibetan Buddhism is a primary influence on the art, music, and festivals of the region.
Tibetan architecture reflects Chinese and
Indian influences.
Staple foods in Tibet are roasted barley, yak meat, and butter tea.
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- published: 10 Jul 2015
- views: 2566