- published: 01 Feb 2015
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In music, an ostinato (derived from Italian: "stubborn", compare English: obstinate) is a motif or phrase, which is persistently repeated in the same musical voice. An ostinato is always a succession of equal sounds, wherein each note always has the same weight or stress. The repeating idea may be a rhythmic pattern, part of a tune, or a complete melody in itself. Both "ostinatos" and "ostinati" are accepted English plural forms, the latter reflecting the word's Italian etymology. Strictly speaking, ostinati should have exact repetition, but in common usage, the term covers repetition with variation and development, such as the alteration of an ostinato line to fit changing harmonies or keys.
Ostinati are used in 20th-century music to stabilize groups of pitches, as in Stravinsky's The Rite of Spring "Introduction" and "Augurs of Spring". A famous type of ostinato, called the Rossini crescendo, owes its name to the crescendo underlying a persistent musical pattern, which usually culminates in a solo vocal cadenza. This style was emulated by other bel canto composers, especially Bellini; and later by Wagner (in pure instrumental terms, discarding the closing vocal cadenza). Mozart uses an ostinato phrase throughout the big scene that ends Act 2 of the "Marriage of Figaro", to convey a sense of suspense as the jealous Count Almaviva tries in vain to incriminate the Countess, his wife, and Figaro, his butler, for plotting behind his back.
PIOLHO
Paulo Malária e Scubi Jenné
Acordei com a cabeça coçando
Tinha um troço em cima dela andando
Futuquei com a unha o cabelo
E aí veio o piolho no pelo.
Piolho, piolho,
É um bicho que perturba a gente
Piolho, piolho,
Já está me deixando doente
Estou nervoso nem sei o que faço
Até benzina no cabelo eu passo
A minha mina perguntou noutro dia
Que uma estranha coceira sentia
Piolho, piolho,
É um bicho que perturba a gente
Piolho, piolho,
Já está me deixando doente
Fui um dia tirar pasaporte
Pois eu queria viajar para o Norte
Me recusaram o salvo conduto
Só por causa do piolho maluco!
Piolho, piolho,
É um bicho que perturba a gente
Piolho, piolho,