- published: 24 Aug 2014
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The Keeling Curve is a graph which plots the ongoing change in concentration of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere since 1958. It is based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii under the supervision of Charles David Keeling. Keeling's measurements showed the first significant evidence of rapidly increasing carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Many scientists credit Keeling's graph with first bringing the world's attention to the current increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Charles David Keeling, of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego, was the first person to make frequent regular measurements of the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, taking readings at the South Pole and in Hawaii from 1958 onwards.
Prior to Keeling, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was thought to be affected by constant variability. Keeling had perfected the measurement techniques and observed "strong diurnal behavior with steady values of about 310 ppm in the afternoon" at three locations: (Big Sur near Monterey, the rain forests of Olympic Peninsula and high mountain forests in Arizona). By measuring the ratio of two isotopes of carbon, Keeling attributed the diurnal change to respiration from local plants and soils, with afternoon values representative of the "free atmosphere". By 1960, Keeling and his group had determined that the measurement records from California, Antarctica, and Hawaii were long enough to see not just the diurnal and seasonal variations, but also a year-on-year increase that roughly matched the amount of fossil fuels burned per year. In the article that made him famous, Keeling observed, "at the South Pole the observed rate of increase is nearly that to be expected from the combustion of fossil fuel". He also noted an apparent absence of any reduction due to absorption of CO2 by the oceans.
Kelly Keeling (born June 25, 1968) is an American musician and songwriter. Keeling started playing at the age of 14 and first appeared on the music scene as the lead singer of the American heavy metal band Baton Rouge. In his career, he worked with many major hard rock acts, wrote movie soundtracks and played also with Christian rock bands.
Keeling was at first the guitarist and then the lead singer of the band Baton Rouge, which had three Top 40 AOR hits entitled "Walks Like a Woman," "Doctor," and "The Storm." in 1990. His association with producer Jack Ponti led him to provide songs for the German hard rock band Bonfire and music and backing vocals for Alice Cooper’s album Hey Stoopid.
In 1991, he left Baton Rouge to join John Sykes' band Blue Murder. Keeling recorded tracks on the album Nothin' but Trouble with Carmine Appice and Tony Franklin, which he worked again with on many projects in later years. Sykes decided to re-record his voice over Keeling’s, so that the latter appears only for backing vocals and lead vocals on only one track of the album. Blue Murder broke up in 1994.
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